摘要
通过研究潮土和黑土条件下氮肥施用量对强筋小麦产量和品质的影响,为小麦高产优质栽培提供科学依据和技术参考。试验于2020-2021年在中国农业科学院作物科学研究所温室进行,以强筋冬小麦品种中麦578为试验材料,采用盆栽方式,设置2个土壤条件,5个施氮量处理。结果显示,同一施氮量处理下,花后整个时期小麦旗叶相对叶绿素含量(SPAD值)、籽粒长、籽粒宽、千粒重、穗粒数、籽粒产量和蛋白质产量均表现为黑土优于潮土,而籽粒蛋白质及其组分含量则表现为潮土优于黑土。在同一土壤条件下,施氮量的增加减缓了小麦旗叶SPAD值的下降速率,延长有效光合功能期;籽粒长、籽粒宽、千粒重、穗粒数、籽粒产量和蛋白质产量等指标均随施氮量的增加呈先增加后降低趋势,而籽粒蛋白质含量随施氮量增加而升高。综上所述,在本试验基础养分条件下,每盆施入2g尿素,籽粒产量和蛋白质产量均达到最大值。
Through studying the effects of nitrogen fertilizer application on the yield and quality of strong gluten wheat under the conditions of fluvo-aquic soil and black soil,it provided scientific basis and technical reference for high-yield and high-quality wheat cultivation.The experiment was carried out in the greenhouse of the Institute of Crop Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences from 2020 to 2021.The strong gluten winter wheat variety Zhongmai 578 was used as the material.Two soil conditions and five nitrogen application treatments were set up in pot culture.The results showed that the SPAD value of flag leaf,grain length and width,1000-grain weight,grain number per ear,grain yield and protein yield of wheat in the whole period after anthesis in black soil were better than those in fluvo-aquic soil under the same nitrogen application,while the content of grain protein and its components in fluvo-aquic soil was better than that in black soil.Under the same soil conditions,the decrease rate of SPAD value of wheat flag leaf was slowed down and the effective photosynthetic period was prolonged with the increase of nitrogen application rate;grain length and width,1000-grain weight,grain number per ear,grain yield and protein yield increased first and then decreased with the increase of nitrogen application rate,while grain protein content increased with the increase of nitrogen application rate.In conclusion,under the basic nutrient conditions of this experiment,the grain yield and protein yield reached the optimal values when 2 g urea was applied in each pot.
作者
柏军兵
王艳杰
王德梅
杨玉双
王玉娇
郭丹丹
刘哲文
常旭虹
石书兵
赵广才
Bai Junbing;Wang Yanjie;Wang Demei;Yang Yushuang;Wang Yujiao;Guo Dandan;Liu Zhewen;Chang Xuhong;Shi Shubing;Zhao Guangcai(College of Agriculture,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,Xinjiang,China;Institute of Crop Sciences,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China)
出处
《作物杂志》
北大核心
2022年第1期167-173,共7页
Crops
基金
国家重点研发计划(2016YFD0300407)
国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-3-1-13)。
关键词
强筋小麦
土壤类型
氮肥
产量
品质
Strong gluten wheat
Soil type
Nitrogen fertilizer
Yield
Quality
