摘要
流放在清季被移植而来的监禁刑所替代后,民国政府又多次流放监犯,其中以徒刑改遣、恢复流刑之争和移犯垦边为典型事件。从法律移植的角度看,由于中国社会尚不具备广泛适用监禁刑的条件,故而流放便作为一种调适手段应运而生。不过主张流放者无意恢复古代流放制度或彻底否定法律移植,而是想在认同西方感化思想的基础上,构建一种适合于中国社会的“新流刑”。他们主张即便在思想共识下,各国仍可依据国情来建立不同的制度,而不应削足适履。流放监犯在民国末期取得了一定的成效,但由于立法思维长期带有求速求全的倾向,故而对法律移植的反思亦多止于批评而缺乏建设,流放监犯的实效遂难期理想。
After the exile was replaced by imprisonment that was transplanted from foreign countries in the late period of Qing Dynasty,the government of the Republic of China exiled the prisoners for many times,among which the typical events were the dispute over the change of imprisonment to dispatch,the restoration of the sentence of exile and the reclamation of the frontier.From the perspective of legal transplantation,as the Chinese society was not yet equipped with the conditions for the widespread application of imprisonment,exile emerged as a means of adjustment.However,advocates of exiles did not intend to restore the ancient system of exile or completely deny the transplant of law,but wanted to construct“new banishment”on the basis of the western reformatory thought.They maintained that even under the consensus of ideas,countries can still set up different systems according to their national conditions,rather than yielding themselves to existing conditions without considering objective situations.In the late period of the Republic of China,the prison exile made some achievements,but because of the tendency of seeking speed and perfection in legislative thinking for a long time,the rethink on the legal transplantation was limited to criticism rather than construction,and the effect of the prison exile was not ideal.
出处
《南大法学》
CSSCI
2022年第1期140-158,共19页
NanJing University Law Journal
基金
2020年国家社会科学基金重点项目“清朝经营西北边疆成败得失研究”(20AFX006)
2020年北京市社会科学基金项目“清代法制之腹边文化互动研究”(20FXA004)的阶段性研究成果。
关键词
流放
监禁
监狱改良
法律移植
Exile
Imprisonment
Prison Reform
Legal Transplantation
