摘要
生态群落中不同物种间发生多样化的相互作用,形成了复杂的种间互作网络。复杂生态网络的结构如何影响群落的生态系统功能及稳定性是群落生态学的核心问题之一。种间互作直接影响到物质和能量在生态系统不同组分之间的流动和循环以及群落构建过程,使得网络结构与生态系统功能和群落稳定性密切相关。在群落及生态系统水平上开展种间互作网络研究将为群落的构建机制、生物多样性维持、生态系统稳定性、物种协同进化和性状分化等领域提供新的视野。当前生物多样性及生态系统功能受到全球变化的极大影响,研究种间互作网络的拓扑结构、构建机制、稳定性和生态功能也可为生物多样性的保护和管理提供依据。该文从网络结构、构建机制、网络结构和稳定性关系、种间互作对生态系统功能的影响等4个方面综述当前种间网络研究进展,并提出在今后的研究中利用机器学习和多层网络等来探究环境变化对种间互作网络结构和功能的影响,并实现理论和实证研究的有效整合。
Varied species interactions form complex species interaction networks in diverse ecological communities.Understanding how the network structure affects ecosystem functions and community stability is one major issue for community ecology.Species interactions can directly affect the flow and circulation of matter and energy among different components of ecosystems.As a result,the network structure is closely related to the structure,stability,and functioning of ecological communities.Prior studies on interaction networks have shed light on community assembly,biodiversity maintenance,ecosystem stability,coevolution and trait diversification.Currently,biodiversity and ecosystem functions have been largely affected by global environmental changes.The interaction networks and their relationship with biodiversity loss in a changing world have become important research topics.Exploring the structure and assembly of species interaction networks,stability,and ecosystem functions is significant for understanding the maintenance mechanism and biodiversity conservation.Here,we reviewed the research advances in the structure of ecological networks and their determinants,network stability,the relationship between network and ecosystem functions,and the mechanisms underlying these relationships.We also suggest future research directions on how to apply machine learning and multilayer network to disentangle the effects of environmental change on network structure and ecosystem functions by integrated theoretical and empirical studies.
作者
李海东
吴新卫
肖治术
LI Hai-Dong;WU Xin-Wei;XIAO Zhi-Shu(State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents in Agriculture,Institute of Zoology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;School of Life Science,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210023,China)
出处
《植物生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第10期1049-1063,共15页
Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology
基金
国家自然科学基金(31770565和31971441)
河南南太行山水林田湖草生态保护修复试点工程和2019年中央林业改革发展资金
关键词
种间互作
食物网
二分网络
生态系统功能
稳定性
species interaction
food web
bipartite network
ecosystem function
stability
