摘要
唾液外泌体是指存在于唾液中的直径在30~150 nm的细胞外囊泡。随着近年来技术手段的发展,大量研究揭示唾液外泌体在多种口腔疾病的发生发展中发挥重要作用,如唾液外泌体CD9及CD81通过调控细胞粘附及运动促进肿瘤细胞转移、唾液外泌体miR⁃24⁃3p通过作用于PER1促进肿瘤细胞增殖、唾液外泌体程序性细胞死亡配体⁃1(programmed cell death⁃ligand 1,PD⁃L1)mRNA抑制炎症组织的破坏等,具有作为诊断口腔癌、牙周炎等口腔疾病的生物标志物的潜能。因此,唾液外泌体可作为口腔疾病潜在的预后和诊断标志物。唾液外泌体除与口腔疾病,如口腔癌、牙周炎、口腔扁平苔藓、干燥综合征等有关外,还同远处部位肿瘤如胰腺癌、肺癌等及系统性疾病如帕金森综合征、炎症性肠病等密切相关;深入研究唾液外泌体对口腔、全身系统性疾病的诊断与治疗作用,开发唾液外泌体作为疾病诊断的生物标志物的潜力具有重要意义。
Salivary exosomes are extracellular vesicles with a diameter of 30⁃50 nm in saliva.With the development of technology in recent years,many studies have revealed that salivary exosomes play an important role in the occur⁃rence and development of various oral diseases.For example,salivary exosomal CD9 and CD81 promote tumor cell me⁃tastasis by regulating the cell adhesion and movement,salivary exosomal miR⁃24⁃3p promotes the tumor cell prolifera⁃tion by acting on PER1,and salivary exosomal programmed cell death⁃ligand 1(PD⁃L1)mRNA inhibits the destruction of inflammatory tissue,which can be biomarkers for the diagnosis of oral cancer,periodontitis and other oral diseases.Therefore,salivary exosomes can be used as potential prognostic and diagnostic markers for oral diseases.In addition to oral diseases,such as oral cancer,periodontitis,oral lichen planus,Sjogrens syndrome,etc.,salivary exosomes are closely related to distant tumors,such as pancreatic cancer,lung cancer,and systemic diseases,such as Parkinsons dis⁃ease,inflammatory bowel disease,etc.It is of great significance to study the role of salivary exosomes in the diagnosis and treatment of oral and systemic diseases and to develop the potential of salivary exosomes as biomarkers for disease diagnosis.
作者
孙岩
程磊
彭显
SUN Yan;CHENG Lei;PENG Xian(State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases&National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases&Department of Endodontics in West China Hospital of Stomatology,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610064,China;State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases&West China Hospital of Stomatology&National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases,Sichuan Univer-sity,Chengdu 610064,China)
出处
《口腔疾病防治》
2022年第4期300-304,共5页
Journal of Prevention and Treatment for Stomatological Diseases
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(32070120)
四川省科技计划项目(2018JY0561)。
