摘要
页岩气是常规油气资源最现实的接替资源之一,但采用水力压裂(HF)技术的开采方法不仅水量耗费大,还会产生含复杂有机物的高盐度返排/产出水(FPW)。这可能诱发水资源短缺、环境污染、人体和生态健康损害等风险。因此优化FPW的处理方法对于缓解和消除页岩气开采的生态环境风险极为重要。通过系统综述相关文献资料,主要从功效方面对FPW处理技术进行评估。以水资源利用最大化为目标,提出了处理后内部HF回用-外部回用-深井回注的FPW管理模式,并结合FPW的污染特征和不同处理目标以及多个国内外典型实例对相应管理模式下的处理技术进行推荐。最后基于资源化利用的理念,对FPW处理技术进行了展望,以期为页岩气开采FPW的管理提供支持。
Shale gas is an alternative energy with huge economic value and a broad resource prospect,which has been widely concerned in recent years.But the compositions of shale gas flowback and produced water(FPW) are complex,which usually have a high concentration of total dissolved solids(TDS) and complex organic compounds.To mitigate and eliminate the ecological environmental risk of shale gas extraction and maximize the utilization of water resources,this study proposes a new FPW management mode of internal hydraulic fracturing(HF) reuse-external reuse-deep well recharge.Besides,we divide FPW treatment technology into basic separation technology and advanced treatment technology and mainly evaluate its efficacy such as applicable conditions,removal rate,etc.Besides,we analyze several typical FPW management examples at home and abroad,and compare their FPW quality,management modes,and treatment technology,for supplying the domestic available FPW treatment technology.Based on the new management mode,we recommend the treatment technology under the corresponding management mode.For internal HF reuse,coagulation-flocculation(C-F) is preferred.For discharge standards in external reuse,we need not only to remove suspended solids,chemical oxygen demand(COD),ammonia,and nitrogen in FPW,but also to soften water,disinfect,and desalinate.Therefore,we recommend the combined process of C-F+biological treatment/advanced oxidation+ultrafiltration(UF)+reverse osmosis(RO)+disinfection.Among them,biological treatment can use biological aerated filter(BAF) or aerobic granular sludge,advanced oxidation can use ozonation(OZ) or Fenton oxidation,and disinfection can use the combined technology of electrocoagulation(EC) and electric Fenton.When the oil and grease(OG) concentration in FPW is high(>50 mg/L),C-F coupled dissolved air flotation(DAF) technology can be used to achieve better results.According to FPW quality and site conditions,we can use EC instead of C-F to remove suspended and particulate.Also,UF can be replaced by microfiltrati
作者
张代钧
车智涛
丁阿强
彭淑婵
卢培利
ZHANG Dai-jun;CHE Zhi-tao;DING A-qiang;PENG Shu-chan;LU Pei-li(Chongqing Environment and Ecology of University,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400044,China;State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400044,China)
出处
《安全与环境学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第6期2761-2773,共13页
Journal of Safety and Environment
基金
中国工程院咨询研究重大项目(2018-2D-CQ-2)
重庆市基础科研与前沿技术研究专项(cstc2018jcyjAX0802)
国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFC1805502)。
关键词
环境工程学
页岩气资源
返排产出水
处理技术
管理模式
优化选择
environmental engineering
shale gas resources
flowback and produced water
treatment technology
management mode
optimal selection
