摘要
16—17世纪,西方火器、造船等技术传入中国,其中明代嘉靖年间制造的“蜈蚣”战船被视为中外造船技术交流的代表成果。然而学术界对“蜈蚣”战船的原型来源仍存在一定争议。通过中外文献记载以及船只形态比对可推测“蜈蚣”战船与同时代葡萄牙人使用的卡拉克帆船颇为接近。对明代《南船纪》中记载的“蜈蚣”战船的制造工艺和材料进行分析后发现,“蜈蚣”战船虽然仿制了葡式船外形,但内部结构呈现出明显的中国“本土化”特征。明代“蜈蚣”战船在中国造船史上虽然昙花一现,但其作为承载西式重要火器——佛郎机铳炮的载体,使中国人认识到技术的重要性,在中西航海技术交流过程中发挥了重要作用。
In the 16th and 17th centuries,western firearm,shipbuilding and other technologies were introduced into China,among which the"centipede"warships made during the Jiajing period of the Ming dynasty were regarded as the representative achievements of the shipbuilding technology exchanges between China and foreign countries at that time.However,there is still some controversy in academic circles about the origin of the prototype of the"centipede"warship.According to the Chinese and foreign literature and the ship morphology comparison,it is speculated that the"centipede"warship was quite similar to the Carrack used by the contemporary Portuguese.By analyzing the manufacturing and materials of the"centipede"warship recorded in The South Ship History of Ming dynasty,it can be found that although the"centipede"warship is a combination of Chinese and foreign shipbuilding technologies,the characteristics of"localization"in China are very obvious.The"centipede"warship in the Ming dynasty was a flash in the history of Chinese shipbuilding,but as the carrier of the important western firearm—the French machine gun,it made the Chinese realize the importance of technology and played an important role in the navigation and technical exchange between China and the west.
作者
徐旅尊
衷海燕
XU Lvzun;ZHONG Haiyan(School of History and Culture, Central China Normal University, Wuhan Hubei 430079, China;College of Humanities and Law, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou Guangdong 510642, China)
出处
《江苏科技大学学报（社会科学版）》
2021年第4期8-17,共10页
Journal of Jiangsu University of Science and Technology(Social Science Edition)
基金
国家社科基金重大项目“宋元以来珠江三角洲海岸带环境史料的搜集、整理与研究”(19ZDA201)。
