滇东北次方言老苗文与苗文谱的田野调查与研究(下)

Spectrum of Miao characters and Old Miao Language in Northeastern Yunnan Sub-dialect(Part Two)

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摘要滇东北次方言老苗文,是1905年左右由英国传教士柏格理为传教的需要,在滇东北汉族传道员李斯提反和苗族知识分子杨雅各等人的协助下,根据拉丁字母和苗族服饰图案,以石门坎苗语为标准音创制的拼音文字。这套拼音文字其字母形状和发音与拉丁字母近似,称“柏格里苗文”或“石门坎苗文”,亦称“滇东北老苗文”。基督教仪式有大量的赞美诗,为了让苗族信教群众尽快学会唱诗,柏格理参照英国首调唱名法的原理,采用这套苗文的声母和韵母创制了一套苗文字母乐谱。七个基本音阶是在老苗文的24个单音声母中选用了七个发音接近简谱的声母。韵母代表音高变化。苗文谱选取三个韵母,根据音的高低,按照苗语声调的位置分别加在声母右边,构成苗文谱的高低八度音和升降半音。 Around 1905,Old Miao writing in the sub-dialect of northeastern Yunnan was an alphabetic writing system created by British missionary Samuel Pollard for missionary needs,with the help of Han missionary Li Stephen in northeastern Yunnan and Miao intellectual Yang Yage and others,based on Latin letters and Miao costume patterns,using Shimenkan Miao language as the standard pronunciation.This kind of alphabetic writing,whose letter shape and pronunciation are similar to Latin letters,is called"Pollard Miao writing"or"Shimenkan Miao writing",also known as"Old Miao writing in Northeast Yunnan".Christian ceremony has a large number of hymns,in order to enable Miao believers to grasp the western hymns as soon as possible,Pollard created the Alphabet spectrum according to the initials and finals of the old Miao script,referring to the principle of English first tune sol-fa.The seven basic scales are chosen from the 27 monosyllabic consonants in the old Miao script,and the seven consonants whose pronunciation is close to the basic scale of the musical notation.Vowels represent pitch changes.Three vowels are added to the right of the initial consonant according to the height of the sound and the position of the Miao tone,which constitute the high and low octaves and the rising and falling semitones of the Miao spectrum.

作者杨云惠杨付辉 Yang YunHui;Yang FuHui(Art College of Zhaotong University,Zhaotong Yunnan 657000;Yunnan Research Center of Spectrum in Miao Characters,Zhaotong Yunnan 657000)

机构地区昭通学院艺术学院云南苗文谱研究中心

出处《内蒙古艺术学院学报》 2021年第4期10-17,共8页 Journal of Inner Mongolia Arts University

基金 2021年度国家宗教事务局招标科研项目《坚持我国宗教中国化方向》(项目编号:ZGH2112)的阶段性成果 2016国家社科基金项目《梵二会议以来天主教教宗与中梵关系走向研究》,(项目编号:16BZJ029在研)的阶段性成果。

关键词滇东北次方言老苗文声母韵母声调苗文谱 Old Miao Language of Northeast Yunnan Sub-dialect Initial consonant Vowels Tone Spectrum of Miao characters

分类号 G122 [文化科学]