摘要
在《中华人民共和国民法典》(以下简称《民法典》)施行背景下,足球伤害法律适用出现了新发展,对足球治理带来新挑战和新影响。就足球伤害的侵权归责原则而言,过去广为适用的公平责任原则不再适用,这将极大地增强社会足球和校园足球活动参加者、组织者的信心。《民法典》第1176条第1款明确规定了文体活动自甘风险规则的构成要件,对于足球运动参加者明确足球伤害法律适用规则提出了新要求。在三阶层的体育伤害侵权构造下,足球伤害的法律适用将从构成要件该当性、违法性和有责性三个层次递次考量。其中,对于作为违法阻却要件的自甘风险规则认定和作为有责性组成部分的重大过失认定将成为《民法典》时代足球伤害法律适用的核心议题。
Under the background of the implementation of Civil Code of the People's Republic of China,there are some new developments in the legal application of football injury,which will bring some new challenges to football governance.As far as the tort liability principle of football injury is concerned,the principle of fair liability,which was widely used in the past,will no longer be applicable,hence greatly enhance the confidence of participants and organizers of social football and campus football activities.The first paragraph of article 1176 of Civil Code of the People's Republic of China clearly stipulates the constituent elements of assumption of risk rules for cultural and sports activities,and puts forward new requirements for football players to clarify the legal application of football injury.Under the three-tier structure of sports injury infringement,the legal application of football injury will be considered from the following three levels:the constitutive requirements should be appropriate,illegal and responsible.Among them,the identification of assumption of risk rules as an illegal component and the identification of gross negligence as a responsible component will become the core issues of legal application of football injury in the era of Civil Code of the People's Republic of China.
作者
赵毅
ZHAO Yi(Kenneth Wang School of Law,Soochow University,Suzhou 215006,Jiangsu,China;Jiangsu College District Rule of Law Development and Collaborative Innovation Center,Nanjing 550018,Jiangsu,China)
出处
《上海体育学院学报》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第2期1-13,共13页
Journal of Shanghai University of Sport
基金
江苏高校“青蓝工程”资助项目(苏教师[2019]3号)。
关键词
《民法典》
足球伤害
自甘风险
重大过失
Civil Code of the People's Republic of China
football injury
assumption of risk
gross negligence
