摘要
直立叶是构建合理株型和培育密植化栽培品种的重要指标之一。本研究利用甲基磺酸乙酯(EMS)诱变高粱BTX623,获得一株可以稳定遗传的直立叶突变体,暂命名el(erect leaf)。该突变体叶片从6叶期开始出现直立性状,直至整个生育期叶片均呈直立状态。抽穗期突变体el植株倒1叶至倒7叶各节位叶长极显著缩短,叶片宽度也显著变窄;各节位叶夹角呈现先降低后增加的趋势,各节位叶枕长(除倒1叶叶枕未形成)和叶耳周长呈现与之相反的趋势。在成熟期,突变体el植株的株高、粒长、粒宽、结实率和千粒重差异不显著;穗长、每穗粒数和生育期差异极显著。遗传学分析表明:F2分离群体野生表型和突变表型符合3∶1分离比,说明直立叶是由单个基因突变引起的隐性性状。石蜡切片分析结果表明:突变体el的突变性状是由于叶耳细胞的数量增加和叶耳小维管束数量增加引起的。该试验结果为进一步定位、克隆突变基因奠定基础,也为解析高粱叶片直立变化机制及密植化栽培品种的选育提供基因资源和理论支撑。
Erect leaves are one of the important indexes for improving plant architecture and breeding denseplanting cultivars.In this study,an erect leaf(designated el,tentatively)mutant was identified by ethyl methyl sulfonate(EMS)induced mutagenesis in sorghum BTX623.The leaves of the mutant were erect from the six-leaf stage to the whole growth stage.At heading stage,the leaf length and width of the first leaf to the seventh leaf in mutant was significantly decreased.The leaf angle was larger at the lower leaves but became smaller at the upper leaves,the lamina joint length(except that the last leaf pillow is not formed)and auricle perimeter of each node showed the opposite trend.At the maturity stage,significant difference on spike length,grain number per panicle and growth period were observed while no significant difference on plant height,grain length,grain width,seed setting rate and 1000-grain weight was detected.Genetic analysis revealed a 3∶1 separation ratio of the wild and mutant phenotype in F2 isolated population,implying that erect leaf was controlled by single recessive gene.Paraffin section analysis showed that this phenotype was caused by the increased number of lobar ear cells and lobar small vascular bundles.The results gained from this experiment laid a foundation for future gene cloning,and also provided gene resources and theoretical support for the analysis of the mechanism of sorghum leaf erect change and the breeding of dense planting cultivars.
作者
董爽
陆晓春
李金红
韩俊艳
DONG Shuang;LU Xiao-chun;LI Jin-hong;HAN Jun-yan(College of Life Science and Engineering,Shenyang University,Shenyang 110044;Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences,The Institute of Sorghum Research,Shenyang 110161)
出处
《植物遗传资源学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第1期177-182,共6页
Journal of Plant Genetic Resources
基金
辽宁省农业科学院院长基金项目(1212203)
国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-06-13.5-A3)
国家重点研发计划(2018YFD1000701,2018YFD1000700)。
关键词
高粱
直立叶突变体
表型鉴定
遗传分析
sorghum
erect leaf mutant
phenotype identification
genetic analysis
