摘要
目前金属材料的腐蚀与防护问题日益突出,采用恒电位仪测定了3种不锈钢材料在不同浓度的硫酸溶液和加入NaCl溶液后的阳极极化曲线,研究了316、304及304HC在2.3 mol/L、5.3 mol/L和9.2 mol/L硫酸介质中的电化学腐蚀行为,并与含0.1 mol/L、0.2 mol/L Cl^(-)的硫酸溶液中不锈钢的腐蚀特征进行对比。结果表明,在不同硫酸介质中,各种不锈钢的耐腐蚀行为不同,铬、铜、钼等元素对不锈钢的耐蚀性能有很大影响,即在相同浓度的硫酸溶液中,304不锈钢的耐腐蚀性最强,而316不锈钢的耐腐性最弱;当溶液中含有Cl^(-)时,304不锈钢的耐腐蚀性最弱,而316不锈钢的耐腐蚀性最强。各种不锈钢在含Cl^(-)的硫酸溶液中其极化曲线具有典型的活化-钝化的曲线特征,而在单纯硫酸溶液中,几种不锈钢的钝化区很小或没有钝化区。
At present,the corrosion and protection of metal materials are becoming more and more prominent.The anodic polarization curves of three kinds of stainless steel materials in different concentrations of sulfuric acid solution and NaCl solution were measured by potentiostat.The electrochemical corrosion behaviors of 316,304 and 304 HC in 2.3 mol/L,5.3 mol/L and 9.2 mol/L sulfuric acid medium were studied.And the corrosion characteristics of stainless steel in sulfuric acid solution containing 0.1 mol/L and 0.2 mol/L Cl^(-) were compared with them.The results show that the corrosion resistance of various stainless steels is different in different sulfuric acid media.Chromium,copper,molybdenum and other elements have a great influence on the corrosion resistance of stainless steel,that is,in the same concentration of sulfuric acid solution,304 stainless steel has the strongest corrosion resistance,while 316 stainless steel has the weakest corrosion resistance.When the solution contains Cl^(-),304 stainless steel has the weakest corrosion resistance,while 316 stainless steel has the strongest corrosion resistance.The polarization curves of various stainless steels in sulfuric acid solution containing Cl^(-) have typical characteristics of activation passivation curve,while in pure sulfuric acid solution,the passivation zone of several stainless steels is very small or no passivation zone.
作者
刘芳
李文娟
刘德涛
李冶婷
LIU Fang;LI Wenjuan;LIU Detao;LI Yeting(Institute of Environmental Engineering Design,China Wuzhou Engineering Group Corporation Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100053,China;Department of Chemistry,Taiyuan Normal University,Taiyuan Shanxi 030002,China)
出处
《山西化工》
2021年第6期3-6,共4页
Shanxi Chemical Industry
基金
中国五洲工程设计集团有限公司科技开发项目(K202110801)。
关键词
不锈钢
腐蚀
极化曲线
钝化
点蚀
stainless steel
corrosion
polarization curve
passivation
pitting
