摘要
大型水利工程建设为推动乡村旅游业及相关产业的发展创造了条件,但其对自然环境的影响不容忽视,构建生态景观廊道是乡村振兴背景下建设美丽乡村的核心内容之一,也是现阶段生态修复与土地资源整合的有效途径。以嫩江流域尼尔基水利枢纽周边的莫力达瓦达斡尔族自治旗为例,基于景观生态学等原理提出"倚水双生"的生态景观建设理念,即以尼尔基水利枢纽为核心整合周边生态资源,发展区域旅游业,达到区域生态与经济发展双赢。根据ArcGIS与ENVI软件解译出的研究区现阶段土地类型,运用形态学空间格局分析(MSPA)方法在Guidos软件中进行景观识别,提取出面积大于1 500 hm^(2)的核心区作为生态源地,共计12个;基于最小累积阻力模型(MCR)得出每两源地间的潜在生态廊道,共计78条,计算确定生态景观廊道的适宜建设宽度为60 m。通过生态景观廊道的科学分布及规划,提出廊道内农业用地布局、基础设施优化、乡村旅游开发等景观重构策略,旨在满足生态系统稳定的同时带动区域旅游业与相关产业的良性发展,推动区域特色民族文化的复兴,为乡村生态景观规划和相关研究提供参考。
The construction of large-scale water conservancy projects has created conditions for promoting the development of rural tourism and related industries, but its impact on the natural environment cannot be ignored. Building an ecological landscape corridor is one of the core contents of building a beautiful countryside under the background of rural revitalization, and it is also an effective way to integrate ecological restoration and land resources at this stage. This study takes the Moridawadaur Autonomous Banner around the Nierji Water Conservancy Project in the Nenjiang Basin as an example. Based on the principles of landscape ecology and other principles, and puts forward the concept of ecological landscape construction of“win-win by water”, that is, taking the Nierji Water Conservancy Project as the core integrate surrounding ecological resources, develop regional tourism, and achieve a winwin situation for regional ecological and economic development. Based on the current land types in the study area interpreted by ArcGIS and ENVI, this study uses MSPA to identify landscapes in Guidos, and extracts 12 core areas with an area greater than 1 500 ha as ecological sources. Based on the MCR, 78 potential ecological corridors were obtained, and the appropriate construction width of the ecological landscape corridor was determined to be 60 m.Through the scientific layout of ecological landscape corridors, this study proposes landscape reconstruction strategies such as the layout of agricultural land in the corridors, infrastructure optimization, and rural tourism development. This study aims to satisfy the stability of the ecosystem and at the same time promote the sound development of regional tourism and related industries, promote the revival of regional characteristic ethnic culture, and provide references for rural ecological landscape planning and related research.
作者
谢婧
李文
XIE Jing;LI Wen(College of Landscape Architecture,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,China)
出处
《东北农业科学》
2021年第6期139-144,共6页
Journal of Northeast Agricultural Sciences
基金
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2572018CP06)。
