摘要
为了实现蓝莓红酒酒糟再利用,构建"果-酒-渣-树-果"的绿色循环产业模式。本研究将蓝莓红酒糟与牛粪按照一定比例进行混合堆肥处理,经原位监测、采样分析并与基质A、基质B两种蓝莓栽培的商品基质进行对比分析,评价蓝莓发酵酒糟经过堆肥处理后作为蓝莓栽培基质的适宜性。结果:(1)堆肥后蓝莓红酒糟pH值由最初的3.28增加到5.86,接近蓝莓生长最佳值;EC值0.79 mS/cm,适合蓝莓生长;(2)堆肥品中铵态氮为120.44 mg/kg,分别是商品基质A、基质B的1.91、1.54倍;有效磷为40.96 mg/kg,分别是基质A、基质B的9.14、1.56倍;速效钾为968.17 mg/kg,分别是基质A、基质B的6.31、1.06倍;有机质为84.21%,有机碳为48.85%,分别是基质A、基质B的1.84、1.81倍;(3)堆肥品种子发芽率指数为78%,达到可接受程度,基本无毒性;(4)重金属(As、Hg、Pb、Cd、Cr)含量均在标准限量范围内。结论:蓝莓红酒酒糟与牛粪混合堆肥后形成的栽培基质铵态氮、有效磷、速效钾、有机质和有机碳等均优于基质A、基质B,更适宜蓝莓的生长需要。所以,蓝莓红酒酒糟是非常适宜用于蓝莓栽培基质的原料。
In order to realize the reuse of blueberry wine distillers’ grains, a green recycling industry model of“fruit-wine-residue-tree-fruit”was established. In this study, blueberry wine distillers’ grains and cow manure were composted in a certain proportion. After in situ monitoring, sampling analysis and comparison with matrix A and matrix B, two kinds of commercial matrix cultivated by blueberry were analyzed to evaluate the suitability of blueberry fermentation distillers’ grains as substrate for blueberry cultivation after composting. The results show that:(1)After composting, the pH value of blueberry wine distillers’ grains increased from 3.28 to 5.86, which was close to the optimum value of blueberry growth. An EC value of 0.79 mS/cm is suitable for blueberries growth.(2)Ammonium nitrogen in compost was 120.44 mg/kg, 1.91 and 1.54 times of that in the commercial matrix A and matrix B, respectively. Available phosphorus was 40.96 mg/kg, 9.14 and 1.56 times of that of matrix A and matrix B, respectively. The available potassium was 968.17 mg/kg, 6.31 and 1.06 times that of matrix A and matrix B, respectively. The organic matter was 84.21%, and the organic carbon was 48.85%, 1.84 and 1.81 times of that of matrix A and matrix B, respectively.(3) The germination index of compost varieties was 78%, which was acceptable and basically non-toxic.(4) The contents of heavy metals(As, Hg, Pb, Cd and Cr) were all within the standard limits. The ammonium nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium, organic matter and organic carbon of the cultivated matrix formed by the composting of blueberry wine distillers’ grains and cow manure were better than those of matrix A and matrix B, which is more suitable for the growth of blueberry needs. Therefore, blueberry wine distillers’ grains are very suitable for the cultivation of blueberry substrate raw materials.
作者
万合锋
武玉祥
刘国华
周荧
文光琴
聂飞
WAN Hefeng;WU Yuxiang;LIU Guohua;ZHOU Ying;WEN Guangqin;NIE Fei(Guizhou Institute of Biology,Guiyang 550009;Guizhou Blueberry Industry Engineering Technology Research Center,Kaili 557603;Guizhou Botanical Garden,Guiyang 550025,China)
出处
《东北农业科学》
2021年第6期40-45,共6页
Journal of Northeast Agricultural Sciences
基金
贵州省院合作专项(黔科院SY字【2016】03号)
贵州科学院青年基金(黔科院J字【2020】04号)
贵州省生物研究所基金(黔生所科技计划合字【2018】03号)。
关键词
蓝莓红酒酒糟
牛粪
堆肥
栽培基质
Blueberry wine distillers’grains
Cow dung
Compost
Cultivation substrate
