摘要
武宗正德以后,明朝单兵火器逐渐呈现出中西并存、交汇融合的特征。西式管型单兵火器鸟铳凭借其出色精准度、较大威力和更远射程脱颖而出,得到明朝军政官员的高度赞赏,并大量列装部队,使用日渐成熟。与此同时,以三眼铳、快枪、夹靶枪为代表的传统中式管型单兵火器虽然精度较为欠缺,但并未退出历史舞台,它们以相对低廉的制造成本、较快射击速度、多用途性以及对中国北方环境的较好适应性,得到明军将士尤其是北方将士的继续青睐,在车营、城守等作战环境中发挥了重要作用。明中后期管型单兵火器中西并存、各司其职的装备格局,是时人对军队武器装备建设审慎考量的结果,也是晚明中国军事体系深刻变革的表征之一。
In the middle and late Ming dynasty,individual firearms gradually showed the characteristics of coexistence of chinese and western.The western-style advanced individual barrel-type firearms,such as matchlock musket,stood out because of its excellent accuracy,greater power and longer range,which were highly appreciated by most military officials of the Ming dynasty and began to be used in large numbers of troops,especially in the south of the country.At the same time,sanyanchong(三眼铳),kuaiqiang(快枪),jiabaqiang(夹靶枪)as a representative of traditional chinese barrel-type firearms while were considered imprecision compared with matchlock muskets,but did not quit the historical stage,on the contrary they with relatively low manufacturing cost,fast shooting speed,versatile and good adaptability to the bad weather in north China environment got a lot of Ming army soldiers,especially the favor of the northern soldiers,in the chariot troops,defend the city and other operations to play an important role.In the middle and late Ming dynasty,the coexistence of chinese and western single-soldier barrel-type firearms was the result of soldiers'careful consideration of military equipment construction,and also the epitome of the profound reform of chinese military system at that time.
作者
庞乃明
李响
PANG Naiming;LI Xiang
出处
《郑州航空工业管理学院学报（社会科学版）》
2021年第6期29-42,共14页
Journal of Zhengzhou University of Aeronautics(Social Science Edition)
基金
国家社科基金项目(18BZS068)阶段性成果。
关键词
火绳枪
火门枪
鸟铳
中西互动
晚明
matchlock musket
handgun
interaction of chinese and western
later ming dynasty
