摘要
质量问题是造成中国农产品供需错位、出口受阻的主要原因。本文从需求端探讨影响农产品质量的因素,在对收入水平、收入分配对出口农产品质量作用机理理论分析的基础上,采用世界五十大农产品出口国(或地区)2002—2017年的贸易面板数据,对理论假设进行检验。研究发现:平均收入水平在“本地市场效应”的作用下促进了出口农产品质量升级,其中对高收入经济体和消费导向型农产品的促进作用最为明显,对低收入经济体和中间农产品的促进作用最弱;而收入分配在不同收入水平上通过“市场规模效应”和“价格效应”对出口农产品质量产生向下和向上的异质性影响,“价格效应”主要作用于高收入经济体,而“市场规模效应”主要作用于低收入经济体。在考虑了内生性问题和收入水平、收入分配的不同衡量指标后,上述结果依然稳健。进一步将本地市场需求分解为需求规模和需求结构,检验收入水平、收入分配影响出口农产品质量的中介效应,发现中介效应成立,且需求规模对出口产品质量的影响大于需求结构。本文研究显示,在收入增长的背景下,建立公平的分配制度是产品质量升级的强大动力。
Quality issues are the main cause for the misalignment of supply and demand of China′s agricultural products and the obstruction of export.This article mainly analyzes the factors that affect the quality of agricultural products from the demand side,and uses the trade panel data of the world′s top 50 agricultural product exporting countries(or regions)from 2002 to 2017 based on the theoretical analysis of the mechanism of income level and income distribution on the quality of exported agricultural products to test the theoretical hypothesis.The results show that the average income level promotes the quality upgrade of exported agricultural products under the influence of the“local market effect”,among which the promotion of high-income economies and consumption-oriented agricultural products is the most obvious,and the promotion of low-income economies and intermediate agricultural products is the weakest;income distribution at different income levels has a downward and upward heterogeneous impact on the quality of exported agricultural products through the“market scale effect”and“price effect”:the“price effect”mainly affects high-income economies,and the“market scale effect”mainly affects low-income economies.After considering endogenous issues and different measurement indicators of income level and income distribution,the above results are still stable.After decomposing the local market demand into demand scale and demand structure,the intermediary effect of income level and income distribution affecting the quality of exported agricultural products is tested.It is found that the mediating effect is established and the scale of demand has a greater impact on the quality of export products than the demand structure.The research in this article shows that in the context of income growth,the establishment of a fair distribution system is also a powerful driving force for product quality upgrading.
作者
董银果
沈朝栋
DONG Yin-guo;SHEN Chao-dong(School of Business, East China University of Technology, Shanghai 200237,China)
出处
《商业研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第6期123-133,共11页
Commercial Research
基金
国家自然科学基金项目“SPS措施与农产品质量升级的耦合机制研究”,项目编号:71673087。
关键词
收入水平
收入分配
出口农产品质量
价格效应
市场规模效应
income level
income distribution
quality of exported agricultural products
price effect
market size effect
