摘要
针对地铁运营中断下应急公交车辆疏运效率低的问题,提出多停车场协同疏运、多车型灵活调度的作业模式。首先,在传统固定线路调度方案的基础上,允许应急车辆服务不同的OD对,将线路规划与车辆调度集成一个模型,从而提高应急车辆的利用率。以OD对车辆的服务情况、车辆的运能以及救援时间的限制为约束条件,以平均乘客延误最小和应急公交疏运成本最小为目标,构建了多车型下应急公交线路开行方案模型。然后,根据模型的特点设计了改进的非支配排序遗传算法(NSGA-Ⅱ)对开行方案模型进行求解,并通过隶属函数从Pareto解中选取折衷解。最后,进行实例验证以及灵敏度分析。结果表明:改进后的NSGA-Ⅱ算法相比标准NSGA-Ⅱ算法具有较高的计算精度和搜索能力,且求得的Pareto最优解集分布更均匀;NSGA-Ⅱ算法的优化效果优于多目标粒子群算法;灵活线路调度方案相比固定线路调度方案,平均乘客延误降低了5.20%、应急公交疏运成本降低了35.85%,参与调度的车辆数降低了31.91%;合适的车型比例能够提高应急车辆的救援效率。
Aiming at the problem of low efficiency of emergency bus evacuation under the interruption of subway operation,an operation mode of coordinated evacuation of multiple parking lots and flexible scheduling of multiple vehicles is proposed.First,on the basis of the traditional fixed line dispatching scheme,emergency vehicles are allowed to serve different OD pairs,line planning and vehicle dispatching are integrated into a model,thereby improving the utilization rate of emergency vehicles.Taking the restrictions on vehicle services on OD pair,vehicle capacity and rescue time as constraints,with the goal of minimizing the average passenger delay and the minimum cost of emergency bus evacuation,a model of emergency bus line operation scheme under multiple vehicle types is constructed.Then,according to the characteristics of the model,an improved non-dominant sorting genetic algorithm(NSGA-Ⅱ)is designed to solve the bus line operation scheme model,and a compromise solution is selected from the pareto solution through the membership function.Finally,a case verification and sensitivity analysis are carried out.The result shows that(1)the improved NSGA-Ⅱalgorithm has higher calculation accuracy and search ability than the standard NSGA-Ⅱalgorithm,and the obtained Pareto optimal solution set is more evenly distributed;(2)the optimization effect of the NSGA-Ⅱalgorithm is better than that of multi-objective particle swarm algorithm;(3)compared with fixed-line scheduling scheme,flexible line scheduling scheme reduced average passenger delay by 5.20%,emergency bus evacuation cost by 35.85%,and the number of vehicles participated in dispatching by 31.91%;(4)the proper vehicle type ratio can improve the rescue efficiency of emergency vehicles.
作者
冯涛
查伟雄
严利鑫
FENG Tao;ZHA Wei-xiong;YAN Li-xin(School of Transportation and Logistics,East China Jiaotong University,Nanchang Jiangxi 330013,China)
出处
《公路交通科技》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第12期152-158,共7页
Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(51805169)
江西省自然基金项目(20181BAA208013)。
关键词
城市交通
灵活调度
多目标优化
应急公交
NSGA-Ⅱ算法
urban traffic
flexible scheduling
multi-objective optimization
emergency bus
NSGA-Ⅱalgorithm
