摘要
针对海绵城市建设预算效用最大化问题,开展了住宅区绿地低影响开发(LID)设施布设优化研究。在住宅区暴雨洪水管理模型(SWMM)中确定LID加权的汇水区径流系数计算函数,以径流系数与经济成本为目标,采用改进的自适应变异粒子群算法(AMPSO)进行优化求解最优下凹式绿地与雨水花园的布设面积。在AMPSO算法中,对非最优粒子引入以种群多样性算子为参数的变异概率进行随机变异,对停滞的粒子进行初始化。将AMPSO算法应用于两种经典测试函数中验证了其在提高种群多样性与局部搜索能力表现上的优越性。将方法应用于南京市某海绵城市试点建设住宅区,结果表明:(1)绿地LID建设总预算897万元情况下,总体最优配比在小规模降雨下径流控制效果达到近50%,在中大规模降雨下能达到30%左右;(2)大规模降雨下,下凹式绿地设施布设应注意平均且较小规模降雨下占比更多,以引导严重积水流散;(3)绿地LID建设应注重各设施间搭配作用,海绵城市建设应注重LID设施布设与地下管网同步优化。方法优化结构合理,可供海绵城市建设中LID设施优化设计参考。
Aiming at the problem of maximizing the budgetary utility of sponge city construction,the study on optimizing the layout of the low impact development(LID)facilities of green space of residential quarter is carried out,in which the LID-weighted calculation function of runoff coefficient in catchment area is determined by the storm water management model(SWMM)for residential quarter,and then the optimal layout area of sunken green space and rainwater garden is optimized and solved with the improved adaptive mutation particle swarm optimization(AMPSO)by taking both the runoff coefficient and the economic cost as the targets.In AMPSO algorithm,the non-optimal particles are introduced into the mutation probability with the population diversity operators as the parameters and the random variation is carried out for initializing the stagnant particles.The superiority of the performance of AMPSO algorithm for improving the population diversity and the local search capacity is verified by means of applying it to two kinds of classical testing functions.This method is applied to a pilot residential quarter for the construction of sponge city in Nanjing and the result shows that(1)under the condition of the total budget of 8.97 million yuan for the LID construction of the green space,the overall optimal ratio of the runoff control effect reaches 50%under small scale rainfall and can reach 30%under the mid-large scale rainfall;(2)under large scale rainfall,attention is necessary to be paid to the even distribution and more proportion of the sunken green space facilities than in case of small-scale rainfall,so as to guide the flowing away of serious ponding water;(3)not only is attention necessary to be paid to the collocation effects among all the relevant facilities during the LID construction of the green space,but attention is also necessary to be paid to the synchronous optimization of both the layout of the LID facilities and the underground pipeline network during the construction of sponge city.The structure optimize
作者
汤梓杰
刘浩泉
杨侃
刘凡
TANG Zijie;LIU Haoquan;YANG Kan;LIU Fan(College of Hydrology and Water Resources,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,Jiangsu,China;School of Mathematics and Statistics,Central China Normal University,Wuhan 430079,Hubei,China)
出处
《水利水电技术（中英文）》
北大核心
2021年第11期73-84,共12页
Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering
基金
国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)资助项目(2012CB417006)
国家科技支撑计划资助项目(2009BAC56B03)
江苏省省级大学生创新创业训练项目(201910294002Y)。
关键词
海绵城市
改进的AMPSO算法
SWMM
LID设施
方案优化
降雨
径流
下凹式绿地
sponge city
improved AMPSO algorithm
storm water management model(SWMM)
low impact development(LID)facilities
scheme optimization
rainfall
runoff
sunken green space
