摘要
以区域生态功能特征进行生态区划是区域生态保护与修复的重点内容,根据生态主导性原则,引入生态敏感度、生态服务价值和生态风险3个指标进行大清河流域生态重要性评价及生态功能区划分。研究表明:(1)生态重要性低、较低、中等、较高、高的区域面积占研究区比例分别为40.47%、32.96%、6.28%、3.20%、17.07%。空间上,生态重要性呈现以水源地与自然保护区高,向四周逐渐降低的趋势。(2)将大清河流域分为山地区、丘陵过渡区、平原区3个一级生态功能区,明确不同生态功能区的生态保护与修复重点,其中山地区以维持生态平衡、修复尾矿处理不当造成的地质灾害为目的;丘陵过渡区应注重矿业活动开采的影响,注重矿—地—水的协调发展;下游地区包含有雄安新区和白洋淀水域,应注重耕地开发利用与水域保护相结合。(3)在一级生态功能区的基础上划分出16个二级生态功能区,包括水源涵养生态功能区、植被保护区、洪水调蓄生态功能区3个生态功能重要区,并且明确了各个生态功能区的生态保护措施与生态修复重点。据此研究结果,可以在生态保护的基础上,为大清河流域矿山整理修复、土壤侵蚀严重区整治、降低水源地风险、合理利用矿、林资源提供支持,实现流域内矿—地—水的协调发展。
Ecological regionalization based on regional ecological function characteristics is the key content of regional ecological protection and restoration.According to the principle of ecological dominance,three indexes of ecological sensitivity,ecological service value and ecological risk were introduced to evaluate the ecological importance of the Daqing River Basin and to divide the ecological function area.The results showed that:(1)the proportion of areas with low,a little bit low,medium,a little bit high and high ecological importance in the study area was 40.47%,32.96%,6.28%,3.20% and 17.07% respectively.Spatially,the ecological importance showed a trend of water sources protection areas and nature reserve,and gradually decreased in all directions.(2)The Daqing River Basin was divided into three first-levels ecological function areas,namely mountain areas,hilly transition area and plain area.In the present study,the main objective was to identify the different ecological protection and restoration land.The mountain area aimd at maintaining ecological balance and repairing geological disasters caused by improper treatment of tailings.The hilly transition zone should pay attention to the influence of mining activities and the coordinated development of ore-land-water.The downstream area included Xiongan New Area and Baiyang Lake,so the combination of cultivated land development and water area protection should be emphasized.(3)On the basis of the first-level ecological function areas,16 second-level ecological function areas were divided,including water conservation ecological function areas,vegetation reserve and flood regulation and storage ecological reserve,and the study defined measures of each ecological protection and ecological restoration.On the basis of ecological protection,this study can provide support for mine consolidation and remediation,soil erosion control,water source risk reduction,and rational utilization of mine and forest resources in the Daqing River Basin,so as to realize the coordinated
作者
宋友城
田毅
安拴霞
SONG Youcheng;TIAN Yi;AN Shuangxia(China University of Geosciences,Beijing 100083,China;Beijing Key Laboratory of Land and Resources Information Research and Development,Beijing 100083,China)
出处
《生态科学》
CSCD
2021年第6期197-206,共10页
Ecological Science
基金
国家自然基金项目(41877532)。
关键词
大清河流域
生态功能区划
流域生态保护
生态修复
Daqing River Basin
ecological classification
watershed ecological protection
ecological repair
