摘要
为了开发工业高温气体过滤材料,对合成聚酰亚胺(PI)的前驱体聚酰胺酸(PAA)溶液进行静电纺丝,通过单因子实验探寻工艺参数对电纺膜中纤维直径的影响规律,再通过正交实验得出两组纤维直径差异较大的较佳电纺工艺参数,用以制备平均直径相差约50 nm、孔径相差约132 nm的两组PAA电纺膜,采用这两组参数制备孔径差别化错层复合电纺膜,再经过热亚胺化处理得到PI电纺膜,并对其进行热稳定性和过滤性能分析。结果表明:采用纺丝液质量分数14%、纺丝电压26 kV、接收距离17 cm、喂液速率1.0 m L/h和纺丝液质量分数15%、纺丝电压26 kV、接收距离16 cm、喂液速率0.6 mL/h的两组参数分别纺丝2.5 h得到的孔径差别化错层复合PI电纺膜的孔径控制在1μm以下,在气体流速为85 L/min条件下最佳过滤效率为99.492%,过滤阻力为114 Pa,初始分解温度为519℃。这说明所得的PI纳米纤维膜具有优良的热学性能,满足国标关于高温气体过滤性能的要求,具有在高温环境下工作的潜力。
In order to develop filter materials for industrial high-temperature gas, the precursor polyamic acid(PAA)solution of synthetic polyimide(PI) is electrospun, and the influences of technological parameters on the nanofibrous diameter are explored using the single-factor experiments. Then, through orthogonal experiment, two groups of electrospinning process parameters leading to great difference in fiber diameter are obtained to prepare two groups of PAA electrospinning membranes with average diameter difference of about 50 nm and pore diameter difference of about 132 nm. The staggered composite electrospun membrane with differential pore size is prepared by the two groups of parameters, and then the PI electraspun membrane is obtained by thermal imidization treatment. The air filtration performance and thermal stability of PI electrospun membrane are analyzed. The results show that when spinning 2.5 h with two groups of parameters, mass fraction of spinning solution of 14%, spinning voltage of 26 k V, receiving distance of 17 cm, feeding rate of 1.0 m L/h and mass fraction of spinning solution of 15%,spinning voltage of 26 k V,receiving distance of 16 cm and feeding rate of0.6 m L/h,respectively,the pore diameter of staggered composite PI electrospun membrane obtained is controlled below 1 μm,and its optimal filtration efficiency is 99.492% under the gas velocity of 85 L/min, the filtration resistance is 114 Pa,and the initial decomposition temperature is 519 ℃. It shows that the obtained PI nanofiber membrane has excellent thermal properties, meets the requirements of national standard about high-temperature gas filtration performance, and has the potential to work in high-temperature environments.
作者
刘延波
曾鸣
罗鑫
张鑫磊
LIU Yan-bo;ZENG Ming;LUO Xin;ZHANG Xin-lei(School of Textile Science and Engineering,Tiangong University,Tianjin 300387,China;School of Textile Science and Engineering,Wuhan Textile University,Wuhan 430200,China)
出处
《天津工业大学学报》
CAS
北大核心
2021年第6期29-35,共7页
Journal of Tiangong University
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(51373121
51973168)。
关键词
孔径差别化
错层复合静电纺
聚酰亚胺(PI)
纳米纤维膜
高温气体过滤
pore size differentiation
staggered composite electrospinning
polyimide(PI)
nanofiber membrane
high-temperature gas filtration
