摘要
巨噬细胞是机体重要的免疫细胞,充当固有免疫和适应性免疫的哨兵,既可作为清道夫、抗原提呈者,又可作为凶恶的杀手,为宿主营造和谐稳定的环境。巨噬细胞极化是根据周围特定环境做出不同功能表型的一个过程,一般分为两个亚群:经典激活的M1促炎细胞和替代激活的M2抗炎细胞,二者代表极化的两个极端,但在一定条件下,可以互相转化。巨噬细胞极化既发生在生理条件下,也发生在病理条件下,贯穿疾病发生、发展及转归的全过程。文章从巨噬细胞起源、组织分布、不同极化表型,以及以调节巨噬细胞极化平衡为治疗靶点在炎症性肠病、自身免疫性肝炎、哮喘、肥胖等炎症性疾病中发挥的作用做一综述,为相关研究提供参考。
Macrophages are important immune cells in the body.They serve as sentinels for innate immunity and adaptive immunity.They can be used as scavengers,antigen presenters,and fierce killers,creating a harmonious and stable environment for the host.Macrophage polarization is a process of making different functional phenotypes according to the specific surrounding environment,generally divided into two subgroups:classically activated M1 pro-inflammatory cells and alternative activated M2 anti-inflammatory cells,which represent the polarization of the two extreme,but under certain conditions,the two can be transformed into each other.Macrophage polarization occurs not only under physiological conditions but also under pathological conditions,throughout the entire process of disease occurrence,development and prognosis.This article plays a role in treatment of inflammatory bowel disease,autoimmune hepatitis,asthma,obesity and other inflammatory diseases from the origin of macrophages,tissue distribution,different polarization phenotypes,and the regulation of macrophage polarization balance,to make a review of the role and provide a reference for related research.
作者
贾瑞
惠毅
闫曙光(指导)
李京涛
JIA Rui;HUI Yi;YAN Shu-Guang;LI Jing-Tao(Basic Medical College of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine,Xianyang 712046,China)
出处
《中国免疫学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第22期2791-2797,共7页
Chinese Journal of Immunology
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(81403320,81873233)
陕西中医药大学学科创新团队建设项目(2019-YL05)。
关键词
巨噬细胞
极化
炎症性疾病
研究进展
Macrophages
Polarization
Inflammatory diseases
Research progress
