摘要
目的了解2018年内蒙古自治区农村饮用水卫生基本状况,为有关部门进一步改善农村饮用水水质提供科学依据。方法数据来源于《全国饮用水卫生监测信息系统》内蒙古自治区各旗县区监测点上报的农村饮用水数据,分别于枯水期和丰水期检测微生物指标、毒理学指标、感官性状和一般化学指标及放射性指标。结果2018年内蒙古自治区监测农村饮用水3391份,达标率为65.2%。不同地区水质达标率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=13.10,P<0.05),东部地区水质达标率分别高于中部和西部地区。监测的不达标指标有24个,各指标达标率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=5169.66,P<0.05),达标率最高的是氟化物(20.20%),最低的是铅和阴离子合成洗涤剂(均为0.03%)。枯水期一般化学指标、感官性状指标和微生物指标达标率均高于丰水期,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)分别为11.10、5.89和5.37,P<0.05)。结论2018年内蒙古自治区农村饮用水达标率偏低,特别是在中、西部地区,主要针对毒理学指标和一般化学指标,特别是氟化物、硝酸盐氮和总大肠菌群超标问题,相关部门要加强对供水卫生管理和监督检查,采取有效措施保障生活饮用水的卫生安全。
Objective To investigate the basic status of rural drinking water in Inner Mongolia autonomous region, China, in 2018, and to provide a scientific basis for related departments to further improve the quality of rural drinking water. Methods Related data were collected from the data of rural drinking water reported by the surveillance sites in the banners, counties, and districts of Inner Mongolia autonomous region in the National Drinking Water Sanitation Monitoring Information System. Related indices were measured in both dry season and wet season, including microbiological indicators, toxicological indices, sensory properties, chemical indices, and radioactivity indices. Results A total of 3 391 rural drinking water samples were monitored in Inner Mongolia autonomous region in 2018 and the qualified rate was 65.2%. There was a significant difference in water qualified rate among different areas(χ^(2)= 13.10, P <0.05), and the eastern region had a significantly higher water qualified rate than the central region and the western region. Surveillance showed that 24 indicators were disqualified, and there was a significant difference in the qualified rate among the indicators(χ^(2)= 5 169.66, P <0.05). Fluoride had the highest qualified rate(20.20%), and lead and anionic synthetic detergent had the lowest qualified rate(0.03%). Chemical indices, sensory properties, and microbiological indicators in the dry season were significantly higher than those in the wet season(χ^(2)were 11.10, 5.89, and 5.37, respectively, P <0.05). Conclusion There was a relatively low qualification rate of rural drinking water in Inner Mongolia autonomous region in 2018, especially in the central and western regions, and for the toxicological indices and chemical indices, particularly fluoride, nitrate nitrogen, and total coliform, the relevant departments should strengthen the management and supervision of water supply and adopt effective measures to ensure the hygiene of drinking water.
作者
高昇
崔春霞
秦钰涵
张楠
刘艳
范耀春
GAO Sheng;CUI Chunxia;QIN Yuhan;ZHANG Nan;LIU Yan;FAN Yaochun
出处
《环境卫生学杂志》
2021年第5期438-441,共4页
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE
基金
内蒙古自然科学基金(2019MS03027
2018MS03027)
内蒙古自治区卫生计生科研计划项目(201703077)。
关键词
生活饮用水
水质监测
drinking water
water quality monitoring
