摘要
国内外学者从经济学角度对20世纪70年代美国的滞涨危机给予了多种解释,但鲜有人考虑同期美国严格的环境管制对价格和通货膨胀的影响。根据环境经济学理论,透过大量原始档案文献,可以发现环境管制的成本最终通过价格上涨的形式传递给了普通消费者,相关产品和服务价格的上涨是诱发通货膨胀的重要因素之一。在坚持环境史的史学本位前提下,借用经济学的理论和方法,开展跨学科研究,求得惯常历史叙事的新解,既是环境史研究经济转向的表现,也可以实现科学与人文的弥合,进而从史学研究的本体、认知、方法和层级等方面推进环境史的创新。当然,更重要的是揭示国家宏观环境战略的向下延伸与微观层面环境公共政策经中观向宏观的复杂反馈。事实上,宏观政策并非原封不动地自上层传递到下层,微观执行层面也有着自身的权变与因应。环境史的经济转向不仅有利于挖掘历史要素层累嬗变的内在机制,丰富历史的面相与内涵,而且有利于揭示环境-经济-社会之间复杂的协同演进关系,服务于我国的生态文明建设。
Scholars at home and abroad have given various explanations to the stagflation crisis of the United States in the 1970 s from the perspective of economics,but few people consider the impact of strict environmental regulations on prices and inflation in the United States in the same period.According to the theory of environmental economics,through a large number of original archives,it can be found that the cost of environmental regulation is finally transmitted to ordinary consumers in the form of price rise.The rise in the price of related products and services is one of the important factors inducing inflation.On the premise of adhering to the historiography of environmental history,interdisciplinary research is carried out by borrowing the theories and methods of economics to obtain new interpretations of the usual historical narrative.It is not only the manifestation of the economic turn of environmental history research,but also the realization of bridging the gap between science and humanities.Then,the innovation of environmental history shall be promoted in terms of the ontology,cognition,methods and levels.What is more important,of course,is to reveal the downward extension of the national environmental macro-strategy and the complex feedback,from meso-level to macro-level,of environmental public policy at the micro level.In fact,the macro-policy is not intactly top-down and micro levels also have their own contingencies and responses.The turn helps reveal the complex synergistic evolution relationship among environment,economy and society,excavate the internal mechanism of the cumulative evolution of historical elements,enrich the face and connotation of history,and serve the construction of ecological civilization in China.
作者
刘向阳
LIU Xiangyang(School of History and Culture,Hebei Normal University,Shijiazhuang 050024,China)
出处
《北京师范大学学报（社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第6期104-116,共13页
Journal of Beijing Normal University(Social Sciences)
基金
国家社会科学基金后期资助项目“20世纪60-90年代美国环境管制与经济发展的关系研究及数据库建设”(19FSSB003)。
关键词
环境管制
滞涨
通货膨胀
价格杠杆
经济转向
environmental regulation
stagflation
inflation
price leverage
economic turn
