摘要
【目的】探究北疆无膜栽培条件下滴灌带埋设深度影响棉花产量的作用机理,为新疆棉花绿色高效栽培技术的制定与完善提供理论支撑。【方法】以新陆早74号为试验材料,设置3个滴灌带埋设深度处理(D_(1):10 cm,D_(2):15 cm,D_(3):20 cm),研究埋设深度对棉花生育进程、干物质积累、产量及品质的影响。【结果】与D_(1)处理相比,D_(3)处理苗期延长4 d;在盛花期后棉花生殖器官及营养器官干物质积累量均随滴灌带埋设深度增加而增加,吐絮期D_(3)处理生殖器官干物质积累量较D_(2)、D_(1)处理分别高25.5%、54.3%;棉花总铃数、铃重及籽棉产量均在D_(1)处理最低,D_(2)与D_(3)处理间无显著差异;棉花纤维长度、伸长率及断裂比强度在D_(2)与D_(3)处理间无显著差异,但D_(3)处理较D_(1)处理分别增加5.9%、0.29百分点、10.2%,且差异显著。【结论】无膜条件下增加滴灌带埋设深度可促进棉花生殖器官干物质积累,提高棉花产量,改善纤维品质;但从稳产角度来看,15 cm是无膜棉最佳滴灌带埋设深度。
[Objective]This study aims to explore the effect of embedded depth of drip irrigation belt on cotton yield in the field without plastic mulching in Northern Xinjiang,and to provide scientific theory for green and efficient cotton cultivation techniques in Xinjiang.[Method]Using Xinluzao 74 as the material,three embedded depths of drip irrigation belt(D1:10 cm,D2:15 cm,D3:20 cm)were set to study the effects on the developmental course,dry matter accumulation,yield and quality of cotton.[Result]Compared with D1 treatment,the seedling stage was prolonged by 4 d in D3 treatment.After full-blooming stage,the dry matter accumulation of reproductive organs and vegetative organs of cotton increased along with the increase of the depth of embedded drip irrigation belt.The dry matter accumulation in reproductive organs of D3 treatment was 25.5%and 54.3%higher than that of D2 and D1 treatment at boll-opening stage,respectively.The total boll number,boll weight and seed cotton yield were the lowest in D1 treatment,and no significant differences were found between D2 and D3 treatment.There were no significant differences in cotton fiber length,fiber elongation and breaking tenacity between D2 and D3,but significantly increased by 5.9%,0.29 percentage point and 10.2%in D3 treatment compared with D1 treatment,respectively.[Conclusion]Without plastic film mulching,the increased embedded depth of drip irrigation belt lead to increased accumulation of dry matter in reproductive organs and higher yield and improved fiber quality of cotton.Considering the stability of yield,15 cm is the most suitable embedded depth of the drip irrigation belt for cotton plantation without plastic mulching.
作者
段佳宏
李楠楠
王军
李军宏
郝先哲
罗宏海
杨国正
Duan Jiahong;Li Nannan;Wang Jun;Li Junhong;Hao Xianzhe;Luo Honghai;Yang Guozheng(College of Agronomy,Shihezi University,Shihezi,Xinjiang 832000,China;Shihezi Experimental Observation Station of Crop Water Efficient,Ministry of Agriculture/Soil and Water Institute of Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Reclamation Sciences,Shihezi,Xinjiang 832000,China;College of Plant Science and Technology,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China)
出处
《棉花学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第5期404-411,共8页
Cotton Science
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(32160512)
新疆生产建设兵团中青年科技创新领军人才计划项目(2017CB005)。
关键词
地下滴灌
无膜棉
干物质
产量
subsurface drip irrigation
plastic-mulching free cotton
dry matter
yield
