摘要
在新政—民权政体下,美国宪法形成了人们熟悉的两大阵营划分:自由派运用活宪法主义主张司法能动,保守派运用原旨主义主张司法节制。然而,这一阵营划分并非一成不变,而是会随着政体变迁发生改变,只不过宪法上的变化通常会滞后于政治。在里根政体下,两大阵营已出现了松动迹象。随着共和党主导的里根政体进入末期,两大阵营调整甚至重组的可能将进一步加大。特别是如果新的政体由民主党主宰,美国可能会出现"第二进步时代",而新政早期总统与最高法院的冲突可能重现。
The"Two Blocs"in the U.S.constitution—liberals use living constitutionalism and uphold judicial activism on one hand,conservatives use originalism and uphold judicial restraint on the other hand—was formed under the new deal-civil rights regime.This division is contingent and dynamic instead of static,it changes when the regime changes.Under the reagan regime,such change had already occurred;and as the reagan regime is in the twilight of its life,the possibility of adjustment or even realignment is increasing.In particular,if the new regime is dominated by Democrats,the Second Progressive era may emerge and the clash between supreme court and president may also appear.
出处
《探索与争鸣》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第10期97-107,179,共12页
Exploration and Free Views
关键词
美国宪法
活宪法主义
原旨主义
司法能动
司法节制
U.S.Constitution
living constitutionalism
originalism
judicial activism
judicial restraint
