摘要
目的通过连续监测上海市青浦区出厂水水质变化,为生活饮用水水质管理提供科学依据。方法对2013—2019年青浦区集中式供水单位出厂水监测数据进行统计分析。结果 2013—2019年青浦区出厂水中氨氮(NH;-N)波动范围在0.01~3.14 mg/L之间,化学耗氧量(chemical oxygen demand,CODMn)波动范围在0.41~5.73 mg/L之间,除NH;-N及CODMn有超标外,其他污染物指标如亚硝酸盐氮、硝酸盐氮和重金属等均未超标。不同年份之间NH;-N与CODMn超标率比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.01)。对NH;-N、CODMn的合格频数和超标频数进行线性趋势χ;检验发现,青浦区出厂水NH;-N和CODMn超标率与年份间存在线性递减趋势(Z=12.486、26.775,均P<0.01)。对不同水文时期的NH;-N、CODMn的超标率进行两两χ;检验显示,枯水期出厂水NH;-N超标率高于平水期和丰水期,CODMn的超标率则表现为枯水期和丰水期高于平水期。结论近年来,上海市青浦区出厂水水质明显改善,今后需重点在枯水期和丰水期对NH;-N和CODMn加强监测。
Objective To provide scientific evidence for management of the quality of drinking water through continuous monitoring of water quality changes of finished water in Qingpu District of Shanghai. Methods The monitoring data of finished water of centralized water supply units in Qingpu District from 2013 to 2019 were analyzed statistically. Results The range of ammonia nitrogen(NH;-N) in the finished water of Qingpu District from 2013-2019 was 0.01-3.14 mg/L,the chemical oxygen demand(CODMn) fluctuated in the range of 0.41-5.73 mg/L. Except for NH;-N and CODMn,other pollutant indexes,such as nitrite nitrogen,nitrate nitrogen and heavy metals,did not exceed the standards. There were no statistically significant differences in the over-standard rates of NH;-N and CODMnamong different years(all P<0.01). The qualified frequency and over standard frequency of NH;-N and CODMnwere analyzed by the linear trend χ;test,and the results showed there was a linear decreasing trend between the over-standard rates of NH;-N and CODMnin the finished water in Qingpu District and the year(Z=12.486,26.775,both P<0.01).The over standard rates of NH;-N and CODMnat different hydrological periods were analyzed by the pairwise χ;test,and the results showed the over standard rate of NH;-N in the finished water during the low flow period was higher than that during the mean flow period and high flow period,while the over standard rate of CODMnduring the low flow period and high flow period was higher than that during the mean flow period. Conclusion In recent years,the water quality of the finished water in Qingpu District of Shanghai has been significantly improved,it is necessary to strengthen the monitoring of NH;-N and CODMnduring the low and high flow periods.
作者
姚新民
陈云
沈燕
李禹昕
龚美萍
金凤
邵未艾
刁永卿
师乐
胡洁兰
YAO Xin-min;CHEN Yun;SHEN Yan;Li Yu-xin;GONG Mei-ping;JIN Feng;SHAO Wei-ai;DIAO Yong-qing;SHI Le;HU Jie-lan(Physical and Chemical Laboratory,Qingpu District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shanghai,201799,China;Five Major Health Department,Qingpu District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shanghai,201799,China)
出处
《职业与健康》
CAS
2021年第21期2976-2978,2982,共4页
Occupation and Health
关键词
出厂水
氨氮
耗氧量
超标率
Finished water
Ammonia nitrogen
Chemical oxygen demand
Over standard rate
