摘要
生态碳汇交易是一种实现"碳吸收和清除"长效机制的重要政策工具,合理的碳汇政策能够为推进"碳中和"提供最稳定、最具成本优势的解决方案。文章基于碳交易和生态碳汇交易发展现状,从规模、程序和方式等方面剖析了我国生态碳汇交易的制约因素,并分析不同类型碳汇交易区域性和差异化的基本特点和"非市场"式发展趋势。针对存在的体制机制尚不完善、技术方法有待创新、顶层设计亟待加强等问题,提出自然资源管理提升生态碳汇交易的对策建议:(1)加强自然资源产权政策在碳市场建设顶层设计上的协调;(2)构建统一、可监测和可计量的自然资源资产产权价格形成机制;(3)开展生态碳汇实物量和价值量核算;(4)提升自然生态系统功能质量和生态碳汇潜力;(5)参与"碳源—碳汇"全链条、全周期管理过程。
Eco-carbon sink trading is an important policy tool to realize the long-term mechanism of carbon absorption and removal,and a reasonable carbon sink policy can provide the most stable and cost-effective solution to promote"carbon neutrality."Based on the current development of carbon trading and ecological carbon sink trading,the article analyzes the constraints of ecological carbon sink trading in China from the aspects of scale,procedures,and methods.It analyzes the essential characteristics of regional and differentiated carbon sink trading of different types and the development trend of"non-market".Focusing on the problems of institutional mechanism to be improved,technical methods to be innovated,and top-level design to be strengthened,the following countermeasures are proposed to enhance ecological carbon sink trading:(1)strengthen the coordination of natural resources property rights policies in the top-level design of carbon market construction;(2)build a unified,monitorable and measurable mechanism for the formation property rights prices of natural resources assets;(3)carry out accounting of physical and value of ecological carbon sinks;(4)improve the quality of natural ecosystem functions and the potential of ecological carbon sinks;(5)participate in the whole chain and cycle management process of"carbon source-carbon sink."
作者
范振林
宋猛
刘智超
FAN Zhenlin;SONG Meng;LIU Zhichao(Chinese Academy of Natural Resources Economics,Beijing 101149;Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People’s Republic of China,Beijing 100006)
出处
《中国国土资源经济》
2021年第12期12-21,69,共11页
Natural Resource Economics of China
基金
国家社会科学重大项目“基于自然资源资产负债表系统的环境责任审计研究”(15ZDB160)
教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目“我国自然资源资产核算理论与方法研究”(19JZD013)
国家社科基金“自然资源资产负债核算估价方法及应用研究”(21BTJ001)。
关键词
生态碳汇
碳市场
交易
机制
ecological carbon sink
carbon market
trading
mechanism
