摘要
为研究性别对早胜牛牛肉品质的影响,随机选取9头健康无病、发育正常的12月龄早胜牛进行屠宰试验,并在同一部位(背最长肌)进行取样,对牛肉的蒸煮损失、滴水损失、剪切力、鲜肉剪切力、pH、肉色(亮度L*、红度a*、黄度b*)、系水力、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、水分、粗灰分以及氨基酸进行测定分析。结果表明:公牛肉的蒸煮损失、滴水损失、剪切力、鲜肉剪切力、水分显著高于母牛肉和阉牛肉(P<0.05);母牛肉的黄度b*、粗脂肪、粗灰分显著高于公牛肉和阉牛肉(P<0.05);公牛肉和母牛肉的粗蛋白含量显著高于阉牛肉(P<0.05);阉牛肉的pH最高,红度a*、系水力显著高于母牛肉和公牛肉(P<0.05)。母牛肉的Phe显著高于阉牛肉,His、Arg、Pro显著高于公牛肉和阉牛肉(P<0.05);阉牛肉的Glu含量显著高于母牛肉和公牛肉(P<0.05),阉牛肉的Leu含量显著高于公牛肉(P<0.05),公牛肉和阉牛肉的FAA/TAA显著高于母牛肉(P<0.05)。综上,阉牛肉肉色最佳,母牛肉嫩度和营养价值最高,公牛肉风味最佳。
A total of nine 12-month-old healthy Zaosheng cattle are randomly selected for slaughter tests in order to study the influence of sex on the meat quality of Zaosheng cattle.The samples are taken from the same part(longissimus muscle on the back)to determine and analyze cooking loss,drip loss,shearing force,shearing force of fresh meat,pH,meat color(brightness L*,redness a*,yellowness b*),water holding capacity,crude protein,crude fat,moisture,crude ash and amino acid.The results show that cooking loss,drip loss,shearing force,shearing force of fresh meat and moisture of bulls are significantly higher than cows and steers(P<0.05);b*,crude fat and crude ash of cows are significantly higher than bulls and steers(P<0.05).The crude protein of bulls and cows is significantly higher than that of steers(P<0.05);the pH of steers is the highest,and its a*and water holding capacity are significantly higher than those of cows and bulls(P<0.05).The Phe of cows is greatly higher than steers,and its His,Arg and Pro are significantly higher than those of bulls and steers(P<0.05);the Glu of steers is significantly higher than that of cows and bulls(P<0.05).The Leu of steers is significantly higher than that of bulls(P<0.05).The FAA/TAA of bulls and steers is significantly higher than that of cows(P<0.05).In conclusion,the color of steers is the best.The tenderness and nutritional value of cows are the highest,and the flavor of bulls is the best.
作者
庄蕾
黄伟华
刘梦
韩翠
张艳
吴森
ZHUANG Lei;HUANG Weihua;LIU Meng;HAN Cui;ZHANG Yan;WU Sen(Academy of Animal and Veterinary Sciences,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China;Key Laboratory of Plateau Livestock Genetic Resources Protection and Innovative Utilization of Qinghai Province,Xining 810016,China)
出处
《青海大学学报》
2021年第6期59-64,共6页
Journal of Qinghai University
基金
青海省科学技术厅项目(2019-XYCX-3,2020-ZJ-947Q,2019-SF-A3)
牧科院基本科研业务费自主选题项目(MKY-2019-05)。
关键词
早胜牛
性别
肉品质
Zaosheng cattle
sex
meat quality
