摘要
芴醇的傅克反应制备不同结构的复杂二芳基芴(complex diarylfluorenes,CDAFs)赋予空间位阻功能化半导体新的机遇.本文从芴醇基傅克反应的特征、CDAFs结构及其在有机塑料电子领域的应用3个层面进行了综述.首先,概述了位阻型半导体在有机塑料电子的重要地位,追溯傅克反应历史,梳理芴醇基傅克反应特征与优势及其反应规律.然后,介绍了纳米位阻、多位阻、聚合物位阻以及封端型半导体等各类CDAFs结构.最后,总结了CDAFs在有机发光二极管、有机激光、有机太阳能电池、有机光电存储和有机分子与纳米器件中的应用,并展望了未来的"格芴智能"发展方向.
Steric design of organic semiconductors plays a crucial role in the improvement of device performance and behaviors.Sterically hindered semiconductors of complex diarylfluorenes(CDAFs) have been updated via the development of the Friedel-Crafts(FC) reaction of fluorenols that offer new opportunities for the preparation of their different structures and functionalization. In this review, CDAFs are highlighted at three levels including the features of fluorenol-based FC reaction, the multiscale structures of CDAFs and their various device applications in organic/plastic(opto)electronics.Firstly, simply description of the crucial role of sterically hindered semiconductors in organic/plastics electronics, followed by the history of FC reaction, the nature and advantages of fluorenol’s FC reaction that involves the effects of molecular structure substrates, compatibility and synergy with other reactions and so on. Then, we highlighted various macromolecules and organic semiconductors of CDAFs, including small molecules or oligomers, polymers and nanomolecules by the design of the multi-bulk, nano-bulk, and hinder-capping approaches, which also lead to the discovery of organic nanogrids and their organic nanopolymers. Finally, we gave the applications of CDAFs in organic light-emitting diodes, organic lasers, organic solar cells, organic charge-trapping or resistance-switching memory, and molecular nanodevices. At the end, the development of diarylfluorene and heterofluorene based sterically hindered semiconductors is summarized and the perspective on the gridochemistry for organic intelligence is also addressed.FC reaction based on fluorenol has many advantages in the preparation of diarylfluorenes(CDAFs) semiconductor materials:(1) Mild reaction conditions(room temperature environment), little toxicity owing to reaction system without noble metal, and simple post-treatment;(2) a wide range of substrates;(3) the efficient method is compatible with several functional groups;(4) the steric hindrance effect of fluorene
作者
常永正
曹洪涛
冯全友
魏颖
卞临沂
凌海峰
林冬青
解令海
黄维
Yongzheng Chang;Hongtao Cao;Quanyou Feng;Ying Wei;Linyi Bian;Haifeng Ling;Dongqing Lin;Linghai Xie;Wei Huang(Center for Molecular Systems and Organic Devices,State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays,Institute of Advanced Materials,Nanjing University of Posts&Telecommunications,Nanjing 210023,China;Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics(KLoFE)of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology,Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics,Northwestern Poly technical University,Xi'an 710072,China)
出处
《科学通报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第33期4268-4283,共16页
Chinese Science Bulletin
基金
国家自然科学基金(21774061,91833306)
江苏省“六大人才高峰”创新人才团队项目(XCL-CXTD-009)
江苏省高校优势学科建设工程(YX03001)
吉林大学超分子结构与材料国家重点实验室开放课题(SKLSSM202108)资助。
关键词
二芳基芴
傅克反应
空间设计
有机半导体
光电器件
diarylfluorenes(DAFs)
Friedel-Crafts reaction
steric design
organic semiconductors
optoelectronic devices
