摘要
在过去的临床实践中,人们通过不断的思考与探索,总结、发明了一系列关于结直肠癌治疗的手术术式,其中一些术式,如Miles术、Dixon术、Hartmann术一直沿用至今,堪称经典。结直肠外科术式的发展经历了大致四个阶段:减状手术、根治性手术、扩大根治性手术和肿瘤功能外科阶段。主要包括了手术入路、肠段切除范围、淋巴结清扫程度、消化道重建以及标本取出这五个要素。只有充分了解术式构成的五大要素,从中寻求变量,才能取得创新,从而造福患者。该文将结合医学及外科的发展过程,浅谈结直肠外科术式的演变历程。“以史为鉴,可以知兴替”。只有正确认识历史,才能客观地了解事物的本质及其发展规律。
In the past,people summarized and invented a series of surgical procedures for the treatment of colorectal cancer after continuous thinking and exploration.Some of these surgical procedures,such as Miles,Dixon,and Hartmann procedures,are considered to be classic and still in use today.In general,the surgical development has gone through roughly four stages:palliative surgery,radical surgery,extended radical surgery,and tumor functional surgery.As far as the surgical procedure of colorectal surgery is concerned,it mainly includes five elements:surgical approach,intestinal segment resection,degree of lymph node dissection,digestive tract reconstruction,and specimen removal.Only by fully understanding the five elements of surgical procedures and seeking for variables from them can innovation be achieved and benefit patients.This article will discuss the evolution of colorectal surgery according to development of medicine and surgery."Taking history as a mirror,we can know the rise and fall."Only by correctly understanding history can we objectively understand the nature of things and the laws of their development.This is true for humans,and it is true for medicine.
作者
张明光
王锡山
Zhang Mingguang;Wang Xishan(National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College,Beijing 100021,China)
出处
《中华医学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第44期3620-3624,共5页
National Medical Journal of China
关键词
结直肠外科手术
术式
发展史
Colorectal surgery
Surgical method
Development history
