摘要
阿波罗型钱币是塞琉古王朝的主要钱币类型,其源头可以追溯到马其顿阿吉德王朝钱币。因为在腓力二世和亚历山大三世发行的钱币上,阿波罗神开始与王权政治联系起来。从塞琉古一世到安条克一世,塞琉古王朝经历了宙斯崇拜向阿波罗崇拜的转变。塞琉古家族杜撰了塞琉古一世与阿波罗父子关系的神话。安条克一世时期,塞琉古王朝的四德拉克马钱币上出现了两种阿波罗形象:坐在肚脐石上的阿波罗弓箭手以及站在祭祀三脚架旁的阿波罗弓箭手。塞琉古王朝的阿波罗型钱币还进一步影响了巴克特里亚希腊人、印度—希腊人、印度—斯基泰人以及帕提亚人王国的类似钱币类型。包括阿波罗型钱币在内的希腊化王国钱币,反映的是希腊—马其顿人在异族地区建立希腊化王国的宣传手段。阿波罗型钱币的起源与发展,是希腊化王权政治的缩影。
Apollo-type coin is one of the most important coinage types in the Seleucid Kingdom.Its origin can be traced back to the Argead dynasty of Macedonian,because Apollo became associated with the politics of kingship on the coins issued by Philip II and Alexander III.From Seleucus I to Antiochus I,the Seleucid kingdom underwent a transformation from the cult of Zeus to the cult of Apollo.At the same time,the Seleucid family also invented a myth of the paternity relationship between Apollo and Seleucus I.During the reign of Antiochus I,two figures of Apollo appeared on the Seleucid tetradrachm coins:Apollo the archer sitting on the omphalos and Apollo the archer standing beside the sacrificial tripod.Apollo-type coin of Seleucid further influenced similar coin types in the Bactrian Greek,IndoGreek,Indo-Scythian and Parthian kingdoms.Hellenistic coins including Apollo-type coin reflected the propaganda means used by the Greco-Macedonians to establish their Hellenistic kingdoms in foreign land.The origin and development of Apollo-type coin epitomized the politics of Seleucid kingship.
出处
《西域研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第4期106-116,M0006,共12页
The Western Regions Studies
基金
国家社科基金重大项目“希腊化文明与丝绸之路”(项目编号:15ZDB059)的阶段性成果之一。
