摘要
传统野外照片拼接受控于图像的视角和光栅重合(图像配准)程度,无法揭示三维露头在不同视角的地质特征。作为地学领域野外现场研究新范式,无人机三维数字露头建模能永久保存野外露头三维特征,重现野外不同视角关键细节,克服露头精细解剖空间限制。野外露头形态各异,为保证三维数字露头模型的完整性和实现厘米级分辨率三维数字露头建模,根据野外露头几何特征和无人机可灵活规划调整航线的特点,建立不同露头几何形态与无人机航线规划和多点位航拍的空间关系,有效提高露头三维数据的采集效率。研究表明:无人机多航线规划和多点位航拍有效降低了建模对软件的依赖程度,是实现厘米级分辨率三维数字露头建模的关键,可为实现野外露头的精细解剖、虚拟实测(厚度、层/面理和线理等)及定量统计奠定可靠数据基础。根据不同露头的几何形态特点,有针对性的无人机航线规划和图像采集方式不仅能保证露头点云数据模型的完整性,更能有效提高厘米级分辨率高精度三维数字露头建模的成功率。
The stitching of traditional field photos is controlled by the angle of view of the image and the degree of grating coincidence(image registration),unable to reveal the geological characteristics and details of three-dimensional outcrops in different angles.As a new paradigm of field research in the field of Geosciences,drone-based 3D digital outcrop modeling can permanently preserve the three-dimensional characteristics of field outcrops,reproduce the key details of different field perspectives,and overcome the spatial constraints of outcrop fine anatomy.In order to ensure the integrity of the 3D digital outcrop model and realize the 3D digital outcrop modeling with centimeter resolution,according to different outcrop forms and the characteristics that UAVs can flexibly plan and adjust routes,the spatial relationship is determined between different outcrop geometric forms and UAV route planning and multi-point aerial photography,with the collection efficiency of outcrop 3D data improved.The research shows that UAV multi-route planning and multi-point aerial photography effectively reduce the dependence of modeling on software.It is the key to realize centimeter resolution 3D digital outcrop modeling,and lays a reliable data foundation for fine anatomy,virtual measurement(thickness,layer/surface texture and lineation)and quantitative statistics of field outcrop.From the geometric characteristics of different outcrops,targeted UAV route planning and image acquisition methods can not only ensure the integrity of outcrop point cloud data model,but also effectively improve the success rate of centimeter resolution and high-precision 3D digital outcrop modeling.
作者
詹容若
段亮
罗晓容
史毅
魏荣浩
马楚萱
ZHAN Rongruo;DUAN Liang;LUO Xiaorong;SHI Yi;WEI Ronghao;MA Chuxuan(Department of Geology,Northwest University,Xi’an 710069,China;State Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics,Northwest University,Xi’an 710069,China;Institute of Geology and Geophysics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100029,China;College of Earth and Planetary Science,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)
出处
《西安科技大学学报》
CAS
北大核心
2021年第6期1050-1058,共9页
Journal of Xi’an University of Science and Technology
基金
国家科技重大专项(2017ZX05008-004-004)
中国科学院战略先导科技专项(XDA14010202)。
关键词
三维数字露头
露头几何分类
高分辨率
无人机
3D digital outcrop
geometrical classification of outcrop
high-resolution
drone/UAV
