摘要
为促进粮食生产提质增效和顺应WTO规则,2014—2017年间中国实施了农业"三项补贴"改革和玉米、大豆临时收储政策改革,并将补贴重点向生产者尤其是规模经营农户倾斜。本文利用全国农村固定观察点2014年与2017年两期农户面板数据考察了农业补贴改革对粮食适度规模经营的影响。结果发现:农业"三项补贴"改革整体上提高了规模农户的补贴获得,促进了粮食适度规模经营,但这一效果更多体现于粮食主产的东北和内蒙地区;玉米临时收储政策改革不仅明显增加了农户进行玉米适度规模经营的概率,还显著促进了规模农户进一步扩大玉米的经营规模;大豆临时收储政策改革的明显效果主要来自大豆主产的黑龙江。本研究的结论为今后在WTO框架下进行水稻、小麦最低收购价政策改革,促进农户扩大并持续进行粮食适度规模经营提供了政策启示,即向生产者补贴转变的同时向粮食主产区倾斜。
In order to improve the quality and efficiency of grain production and comply with the WTO rules,China implemented the reform of three agricultural subsidies and the reform of temporary reserve for corn and soybean between 2014 and 2017.The reform of three agricultural subsidies combines the subsidy for improved crop strains and seeds,the direct subsidy for grain growers and the comprehensive subsidy for agricultural materials into the subsidy for agricultural support and protection,and takes the promotion of the optimum-scale management of grain as one of the policy objectives.The reform of temporary reserve for corn and soybean has canceled the temporary reserve in Northeast China(Liaoning,Jilin and Heilongjiang)and Inner Mongolia,and established the subsidies for corn and soybean growers,in order to ensure the basic income of farmers growing grain and stabilize their enthusiasm of planting grain while maintaining WTO compliance.From the content of the reform,both reforms have begun to shift the focus to the producer subsidies.So,in the context of the policy that optimum-scale management of grain is considered as the necessary way to develop modern agriculture,optimize the allocation of agricultural resources,improve agricultural productivity and ensure food security,does this change have an impact on optimum-scale management of grain?Due to the lack of data,few studies can be found on the evaluation of the performance of the above agricultural subsidy reform currently.Therefore,based on the latest national rural fixed observation sites in 2014 and 2017,this paper adopts the two-part model,two-way fixed-effect model and the instrumental variable method to empirically analyze the influence of the reform,in order to provide corresponding theoretical and practical support for how to carry out the grain subsidy reform under WTO rules to promote grain production,especially optimum-scale management of grain.The results show that first,the reform of three agricultural subsidies improves the subsidy of large-scale farm
作者
许庆
杨青
章元
XU Qing;YANG Qing;ZHANG Yuan(Institute of Finance and Economics,Shanghai University of Finance and Economics;Research Institute for Agriculture,Farmer and Rural Society in China,Shanghai University of Finance and Economics;School of Public Economics and Management,Shanghai University of Finance and Economics;China Center for Economics Studies,Fudan University)
出处
《经济研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第8期192-208,共17页
Economic Research Journal
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目(21ZDA060)
国家自然科学基金面上项目(72173026)
国家自然科学基金青年项目(72103116)
上海财经大学第三批科研创新团队项目(2018110693)
中国博士后科学基金面上项目(2020M681252)的资助。
关键词
农业“三项补贴”改革
临时收储政策改革
粮食适度规模经营
Reform of Three Agricultural Subsidies
Reform of Temporary Reserve for Corn and Soybean
Optimum-scale Management of Grain
