摘要
碳质黑色页岩形成于各个不同地质历史时期的海洋缺氧水体中,通常可视作潜在的成矿物质来源,目前对于碳质黑色页岩的研究主要集中在传统能源矿产领域,其与金矿床相关成矿机制的关联尚缺乏系统性的深入研究。在总结近10年造山型金矿中碳质黑色页岩研究成果的基础上,归纳前人对碳质黑色页岩的来源、形成环境和过程、地球化学特征以及其与造山型金矿化的成矿物质来源、元素迁移—活化—沉淀机制关系的认识:①碳质黑色页岩主要形成于海洋静闭极度缺氧环境;②碳质黑色页岩比普通黑色页岩更富集金、银、钼、钒、镍和铬等稀有金属;③碳质黑色页岩能够通过地层的区域变质运动释放金元素进入深部变质成矿流体;④碳质黑色页岩通常相对其他岩层在构造活动中更易形成容矿构造并作为强力还原剂导致金的沉淀;⑤碳质黑色页岩能够作为显著的找矿标志指导找矿。然而,这些认识不仅与造山型金矿床的传统成因模式存在一定的差异,而且也将引起传统找矿勘查评价准则的改变。目前,我国对于造山型金矿床中碳质物的研究仍较为薄弱,亟待开展该领域的研究,为找矿勘察工作提供科学依据。
Carbonaceous black shale formed in oceanic anoxic water during different geological history,and it can be regarded as a potential source of metallogenic material.Based on the results of the research on carbonaceous black shale in orogenic gold deposits in the past ten years,it is controversial whether carbonaceous black shale has a positive or no effect on the mineralization event of orogenic gold.However,it is increasingly evident that carbonaceous black shale plays an integral role in gold formation events.In this paper,we summarize the previous knowledge on the origin,formation environment and process,geochemical characteristics of carbonaceous black shale,and its relationship with the source of ore-forming materials and elemental migration-activation-precipitation mechanism of orogenic gold mineralization.The conclusions are as follows:①Carbonaceous black shale mainly forms from the oceanic static closed extremely anoxic environment.②Carbonaceous black shale is richer in gold and mineralization than ordinary black shale.③Carbonaceous black shale is richer in gold,silver,molybdenum,vanadium,nickel,chromium and other rare metals than ordinary black shale.④Carbonaceous black shale can release Au+into deep metamorphic ore-bearing fluids through regional metamorphic events of strata.Carbonaceous black shale is commonly more likely to form ore-hosting structures and acts as powerful reducing agent to lead to gold precipitation during tectonic activities than other rock formations.⑤Carbonaceous black shale can be used as significant mineralization markers to guide mineralization search.These phenomena are usually observed in most orogenic gold deposits,yet are not only different from the traditional genesis model of orogenic gold deposits,but also will cause the change of the traditional exploration and evaluation criteria.At present,the research on carbonaceous material in orogenic gold deposits in China is still weak.The role of carbonaceous black shale in gold mineralization events has been overlooked o
作者
邓腾
丁正鹏
许德如
DENG Teng;DING Zhengpeng;XU Deru(State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment,East China University of Technology,Nanchang 330013,China;School of Earth Sciences,East China University of Technology,Nanchang 330013,China;School of Earth Science and Engineering,Sun Yat-sen University,Zhuhai Guangdong 519082,China)
出处
《地球科学进展》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第10期1077-1091,共15页
Advances in Earth Science
基金
国家自然科学基金项目“江南古陆金(多金属)大规模成矿的机理研究”(编号:41930428)和“江南造山带万古金矿床成矿流体活动的精细研究”(编号:42002090)资助.
关键词
造山型金矿床
碳质黑色页岩
碳质物
金矿化
成矿机制
Orogenic gold deposit
Carbonaceous black shale
Carbonaceous material
Gold mineralization
Metallogenic mechanism
