摘要
波浪作用下的床面切应力是估算近岸泥沙起动、输移的重要基本参数之一,其形成的底部摩阻效应也会对近岸水动力环境产生影响。由于现场观测较为困难,对波浪边界层与波浪作用下床面切应力的认识主要建立在室内试验观测基础上。回顾国内外相关理论模型和试验测量研究,梳理各类研究方法与测量技术的优缺点及适用条件;整理20世纪70年代至今的大量试验资料,对已有研究成果进行归纳分析,包括波浪非线性、波浪破碎等因素对床面切应力的影响;总结现有研究存在的局限性,提出今后的研究重点。超大型水槽是未来突破波浪边界层理论研究瓶颈的重要设施;高适应性水下二维切应力传感器的发展是复杂动力条件下床面切应力研究取得突破的关键。
The bed shear stress under the action of waves is one of the important essential parameters to estimate the incipient motion and transport of offshore sediment,and its bottom friction effect will also have an impact on the offshore hydrodynamic environment.Due to the difficulty in field observation,the understanding of the wave boundary layer and the bed shear stress under the action of waves is mainly based on indoor experimental observation.This paper reviews the relevant theoretical models and experimental measurement research at home and abroad,sorts the advantages and disadvantages of various research methods and measurement techniques,as well as the application conditions,collates a lot of experimental data from 1970s to now,generalizes and analyzes the existing research results,including the impact of wave nonlinearity,wave breaking and other factors on the bed shear stress,summarizes the limitations of the existing research,and puts forward the future research focuses.Super-large water flume is an important facility to break through the bottleneck in the theoretical study of the layer of wave boundary in the future.The development of high-adaptability underwater two-dimensional shear stress sensor is the key to making a breakthrough in the study of bed shear stress under complex dynamic conditions.
作者
夏云峰
成泽霖
徐福敏
徐华
张帆一
XIA Yunfeng;CHENG Zelin;XU Fumin;XU Hua;ZHANG Fanyi(Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute,Nanjing 210029,China;College of Harbor,Coastal and Offshore Engineering,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China)
出处
《水科学进展》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第6期944-956,共13页
Advances in Water Science
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(51779149)
引江济淮工程科研项目(YJJH-YJJC-ZX-20191106220)。
关键词
波浪边界层
床面切应力
试验装置
测量设备
波浪摩阻系数
wave boundary layer
bed shear stress
experimental facility
measuring equipment
wave friction factor
