摘要
目的了解基层部队听力相关疾病分布及听力学改变特点,为进一步减少官兵听力损害提供可靠依据。方法对1064例官兵听力门诊就诊原因进行统计并行纯音测听检查,分析其听力损失的程度,性质及曲线类型。结果1064例官兵听力门诊初次就诊原因有耳鸣、听力下降、耳闷、耳痛、眩晕、流脓、耳痒、耳外伤、耳异物感、听觉过敏,比率分别为52.63%、17.76%、17.39%、4.6%、3.29%、2.26%、1.03%、0.47%、0.38%、0.19%。其中569耳有平均听阈升高,以感音神经性聋为主461耳(81.02%)、传导性耳聋85耳(14.94%)、混合性耳聋23耳(4.04%)。程度上以轻度为主,427耳(75.04%)、中度106耳(18.63%)、重度24耳(4.22%)、极重度12耳(2.11%)。曲线类型依次为陡降型、U型、平坦型、上升型、其他型,比率分别为53.6%、21.27%、15.47%、6.85%、2.81%。结论官兵初次听力门诊以耳鸣为最主要就诊原因,耳鸣与听力损失无必然关系,对于有耳鸣特别是无听力损失的耳鸣应引起重视。听力损失曲线类型以陡降型为主,听力损失性质以感音神经性聋为主,听力损失程度以轻度为主,有听力损失官兵要及时就医。加强新兵听力筛选并建立有效的听力信息数据库可减少不必要的听力损伤。官兵其他就诊的听力症状有耳闷、耳痛、眩晕等。官兵要注意科学训练,同时加强对噪声的防护。
Objective To report audiological characteristics of auditory diseases among grass-root troops for improvement of hearing loss prevention. Method Causes for visits to the hearing clinic in 1, 064 soldiers and their pure tone audiometric characteristics were analyzed, including severity, nature and pattern of hearing loss. Result Causes for visits included tinnitus(52.63%), hearing loss(17.76%), ear fullness(17.39%), earache(4.60%), vertigo(3.29%), ear drainage(2.26%), ear itching(1.03%), ear trauma(0.47%), sensation of foreign body in ear(0.38%) and acoustic sensitivity (0.19%). Elevation of hearing thresholds was seen in 569 ears(26.74%), showing sensorineural deafness in 461 ears(81.02%), conductive hearing loss in 85 ears(14.94%) and mixed loss in 23 ears(4.04%), Audiogram patterns included sloping(53.6%), U-shaped(21.27%), flat(15.47%), rising(6.85%) and others(2.81%). Hearing loss was mild in427 ears(75.04%), moderate in 106 ears(18.63%), severe in 24 ears(4.22%) and profound in 12 ears(2.11%). Conclusion Tinnitus was the most common reason to visit the hearing clinic among this group of soldiers. Because tinnitus often correlates to hearing loss, tinnitus patients with"normal"hearing should be carefully evaluated. Audiograms in most of these soldiers showed a sloping pattern, often suggesting mild sensorineural hearing loss. Vigorous hearing screening during the recruitment process and establishment of a hearing status database can be instrumental to reducing hearing loss among troops. Science-guided training and noise protection are important.
作者
罗萍
徐志辉
LUO Ping;XU Zhihui(Department of Otorhinolaryngology,the 900th Hospital of the PLA Joint Logistics Support Force,Fuzhou 350025)
出处
《中华耳科学杂志》
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第6期915-919,共5页
Chinese Journal of Otology
关键词
听力曲线
听力损失
耳鸣
Audiometric Configuration
Hearing loss
Tinnitus
