摘要
为研究蛋白水平对羔羊瘤胃微生物多样性及结构的影响,选择初始条件相近、体质量为(3.17±0.52)kg青海省海东地区小尾寒羊双胎羔羊120只,按日粮蛋白水平12%,14%,16%随机分为3组(Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ),每组40只,于50日龄断奶,饲养至90日龄后每组随机屠宰6只,采集瘤胃液,测定瘤胃真菌菌群多样性与群落结构。结果显示,Ⅱ组羔羊平均日增体质量显著高于其他2组;蛋白水平不同对羔羊瘤胃真菌丰富度影响不显著,多样性指数中Ⅱ、Ⅲ组Shannon指数显著高于Ⅰ组,Simpson指数Ⅱ、Ⅲ组显著低于Ⅰ组;在门水平下3组羔羊瘤胃液种共检测出5个菌门。Ascomycota是3组羔羊优势菌,丰度均在70%以上,而Ⅰ组Ascomycota丰度达到96%,显著高于其他2组,Basidiomycota丰度Ⅱ、Ⅲ组达到4%以上显著高于Ⅰ组,其余菌门3组间差异不显著。在属水平下丰度前10的真菌中,Penicillium是3组优势菌且3组丰度均达到15%以上,Ⅰ组Penicillium和Debaryomyces丰度分别达到了20%和50%以上,显著高于Ⅲ组;Ⅱ、Ⅲ组Sarocladium、Aspergillus丰度显著高于Ⅰ组,Ⅱ、Ⅲ组间差异不显著;ClavicepsⅢ组丰度最高,WallemiaⅡ组丰度最高。结果表明,蛋白水平对羔羊日增体质量、瘤胃微生物菌群的影响显著,当蛋白水平为14%时日增体质量最高且差异显著,在14%,16%的蛋白水平下羔羊瘤胃内真菌的多样性和结构优于12%组,能够保证羔羊瘤胃有丰富多样的有关纤维消化菌群,为羔羊日后更好的对纤维性饲料的消化利用提供基础。
The purpose of this experiment was to study the effect of protein level on rumen microbial diversity and structure of lambs.According to different protein levels(12%,14%,16%)in dietary,120 twin lambs with similar initial conditions and body mass of(3.17±0.52)kg were randomly divided into three groups(Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ),40 in each group,and 50 in each group.The rumen fluid was collected to determine the diversity and community structure of rumen fungi.The results showed that:the average daily gain of lamb in groupⅡwas significantly higher than that in other two groups.The difference of protein level had no significant effect on the abundance of rumen fungi,Shannon index of groupⅡand groupⅢwas significantly higher than that of groupⅠ,Simpson index of groupⅡand groupⅢwas significantly lower than that of groupⅠ.At the gate level,five bacterial phyla were detected in rumen fluid of three groups.Ascomycota was the dominant bacteria in the three groups,and the abundance of Ascomycota in group I was 96%,which was significantly higher than that in the other two groups.The abundance of Ascomycota in groupsⅡandⅢwas more than 4%,which was significantly higher than that in groupⅠ,There was no significant difference among the other three groups.Penicillium was the dominant fungus among the top ten fungi at the genus level,and the abundance of Penicillium and Debaryomyces in groupⅠwas more than 20%and 50%respectively,which was significantly higher than that in groupⅢ.The abundance of Sarocladium and Aspergillus in groupⅡand groupⅢwas significantly higher than that in groupⅠ,but there was no significant difference between groupsⅡandⅢ;Claviceps groupⅢhad the highest abundance,and WallemiaⅡgroup had the highest abundance.To sum up,protein level had significant effect on daily gain and rumen microbial flora of lambs.When protein level was 14%,daily gain was the most significant,which was 14%and 16%.The diversity and structure of fungi in rumen of lambs were better than that of 12%,which could ensure
作者
李海琴
贾建磊
侯生珍
魏涛
LI Haiqin;JIA Jianlei;HOU Shengzhen;WEI Tao(College of Agriculture and Animal Hus-bandry,Qinghai University,Xining 810010,China;Penglai Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Station of Yantai City,Penglai,Shandong 265699,China)
出处
《中国兽医学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第11期2256-2262,共7页
Chinese Journal of Veterinary Science
基金
青海省农牧科技创新羊产业科技研发基金资助项目(QNKP-2017-06-01)。
