摘要
随着我国空间探测卫星、深空探测飞行器等国家战略装备的快速发展,宇航材料的服役环境越来越苛刻,常常面临极端低温的考验。然而低温下材料的力学/物理性能和常温相比有很大差异,极低温使役环境下材料力学/物理性能评价成为人们关注的重点问题。本文着重对基于力-热能量密度等效原理而发展的深空极低温服役环境下材料屈服强度、弹性模量、理想拉伸强度、硬度等力学性能的低成本快速评价方法研究进展进行了总结和回顾;同时,介绍了力-热能量密度等效原理在低温下半导体材料的带隙能、折射率、拉曼频移,金属材料磁晶各向异性常数等物理性能的低成本快速评价方面的推广应用情况。该评价方法为实现地面实时监测在轨航天器中关键材料的主要力学/物理性能提供了有效途径,为国家高端技术装备建设中关键材料的设计、可靠性评价和实时性能监测等提供重要的手段。
With the rapid development of China’s space exploration satellites,deep space exploration vehicles and other national strategic equipment,the service environment of aerospace materials become increasingly strict.The aerospace materials often subjected to extreme low temperature.However,the mechanical and physical properties of materials at low temperature are very different from those at normal temperature.The evaluation of mechanical and physical properties of materials at extremely low temperature have become the focus of people’s attention.Recent development in low-cost rapid evaluation method for the mechanical properties of materials at the extremely low temperature in deep space are summarized and reviewed in this paper.A novel modeling idea named Force-Heat Energy Density Equivalence Principle has been applied to characterize the mechanical properties of materials at extremely low temperature,such as yield strength,elastic modulus,ideal tensile strength and hardness.In addition,the extended application of Force-Heat Energy Density Equivalence Principle in the low-cost rapid evaluation of the physical properties,such as the band gap energy,refractive index,Raman frequency shift of semiconductor materials and the magnetocrystalline anisotropy constant of metallic materials at low temperature is also introduced. In particular,this evaluation method provides an effective way to monitor the main mechanical and physical properties of key materials in orbit on the ground in real time. It provides important means for the design, reliability evaluation and real-time performance monitoring of key materials in national high-end equipment.
作者
麻建坐
李卫国
高鸿
杨梦卿
张续耀
MA Jianzuo;LI Weiguo;GAO Hong;YANG Mengqing;ZHANG Xuyao(College of Aerospace Engineering,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400030;Chongqing Industry Polytechnic College,Chongqing 401120;China Academy of Space Technology,Beijing 100094)
出处
《宇航材料工艺》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第5期51-62,共12页
Aerospace Materials & Technology
基金
国家自然科学基金(11672050)
重庆市基础研究与前沿探索项目(cstc2018jcyjAX0475)
重庆市教委科学技术研究项目(KJQN201903210)。
关键词
深空极低温
力学性能
物理性能
评价方法
Extreme low temperature in deep space
Mechanical properties
Physical properties
Evaluation method
