摘要
[目的]倒伏是影响小麦产量和品质的重要因素之一,本研究通过不同施肥方式下小麦倒伏性状的测定,综合评价其倒伏性,旨在为选择防止倒伏的施肥方式,提高小麦产量和品质提供理论依据。[方法]本研究以小麦品种济麦22、良星99和师栾02⁃1为材料,设置3个施肥方式:播种前施全部肥料(T1)、播种前和拔节前期分别施1/2肥料(T2)和播种前、拔节前期和开花期分别施1/3肥料(T3),研究不同施肥方式下小麦株高、分蘖数、茎粗、穗长、穗粒数、千粒重、产量和茎秆强度的差异,考察其对小麦倒伏性状的影响。[结果]同一品种T2与T1相比,株高和分蘖数显著增加,茎杆显著变细,穗长显著变长,产量显著增加,茎秆强度显著降低;T3与T1相比,株高和分蘖数显著增加,茎粗和穗长无显著变化,穗粒数、千粒重和产量显著增加,茎秆强度显著降低;相关性分析发现,茎秆强度与分蘖数显著负相关,与株高负相关,与茎粗显著正相关,与穗长、穗粒数、千粒重和产量正相关。[结论]综合考虑倒伏相关性状,特别是茎秆强度,发现T1条件下小麦茎秆强度最强,倒伏机率最小,因此,T1是最佳的施肥方式。
[Objective]Lodging is one of the main factors affecting the yield and quality of wheat.Aimed to provide a theoretical basis for the selection of the best fertilization methods and the improvement of the yield and quality of wheat,the phenotypic characteristics that affecting lodging and the lodging resistance of different fertilization methods were investigated in the study.[Methods]In this study,three wheat cultivars,including Jimai 22,Liangxing 99,and Shiluan 02-1,and three fertilization methods,including fertilizing before sowing(T1),fertilizing before sowing and jointing(T2),fertilizing before sowing,jointing and flowering(T3),were used to study the impacts of different treatments on the phenotype of the plant height,tiller number,stem diameter,spike length,grain number per spike,thousand grain weight,yield and stem strength.[Results]The results showed that T2 treatment significantly increased the plant height,tiller number,spike length,and yield(P<0.05),while stem diameter and stem strength were significantly decreased compared to T1.T3 treatment significantly promoted the plant height,tiller number,grain number per spike,thousand grain weight and yield,but displayed a significant inhibitory effects on stem strength compared to that of T1.Correlation analysis results indicated that the stem-breaking strength was significantly and negatively correlated with tiller number and plant height(P<0.05),and was significantly positively correlated with stem diameter,spike length,grain number per spike,thousand grain weight and yield(P<0.05).[Conclusion]Comprehensive analysis of lodging-related traits,especially stalk strength,found that the wheat stalk strength was the strongest under the condition of T1,and the probability of lodging is the smallest.Therefore,T1 is regarded as the best fertilization method.
作者
李宏
陈卫国
杨进文
李友莲
Li Hong;Chen Weiguo;Yang Jinwen;Li Youlian(College of life sciences,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taigu 030801,China;College of Agriculture,Shanxi Agricul-tural University,Taigu 030801,China)
出处
《山西农业大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
北大核心
2021年第5期35-42,共8页
Journal of Shanxi Agricultural University(Natural Science Edition)
基金
国家自然科学基金(31471502)。
关键词
施肥
茎秆强度
倒伏
小麦
Fertilization
Stem strength
Lodging
Wheat
