摘要
有机肥的施用是改善茶叶品质、提高茶叶产量的重要措施之一,牛粪资源化利用有助于降低对农业生态环境的污染,为探讨牛粪有机肥对茶叶产量和品质的影响,通过连续2年(2019—2020年)的田间定位试验,研究了不同比例牛粪有机肥替代化肥对六安瓜片乌牛早茶叶内外品质、产量及茶园土壤肥力的影响,筛选了适宜茶园的牛粪有机肥替代化肥比例。结果表明:全部化肥处理乌牛早茶叶产量最高,为821.87 kg/hm^(2),其次是牛粪有机肥完全替代化肥处理,为817.13 kg/hm^(2),随着牛粪有机肥替代比例增加,乌牛早茶叶的产量呈现上升趋势,且施肥处理乌牛早茶叶产量增幅为20.40%~44.01%;牛粪有机肥替代70%氮肥及牛粪有机肥全部替代氮肥处理下乌牛早茶叶内在成分及感官品质总体得分均最佳;牛粪有机肥替代化肥可以提高茶园土壤pH,随着牛粪有机肥替代比例升高,土壤有机质、全氮含量均呈现上升趋势,碱解氮、速效钾、有效磷含量均呈现先上升后下降趋势,且在牛粪有机肥替代70%氮肥处理下达到最高;牛粪有机肥替代化肥增加了茶园土壤脲酶、蔗糖酶、酸性磷酸酶及蛋白酶的活性,且牛粪有机肥替代70%氮肥处理下其土壤酶的活性较高。综合牛粪有机肥替代化肥对乌牛早茶叶产量品质、生物学性状及土壤肥力的影响,牛粪有机肥替代70%~100%氮肥是茶园系统较优的有机肥替代化肥模式。
The application of organic fertilizer is one of the important measures to improve the quality of tea and increase the yield of tea.The utilization of cow manure resources can help to reduce the pollution of the agricultural ecological environment.In order to explore the impact of cow manure organic fertilizer on the yield and quality of tea,through two consecutive years of field trials(2019—2020),the effects of different ratios of cow manure organic fertilizer replacing chemical fertilizer on the internal and external quality and yield of Lu’an Guapian Wuniuzao tea and the soil fertility of tea gardens were studied,and the suitable ratio of cow manure organic fertilizer replacing chemical fertilizer for tea gardens was selected.The results showed that the yield of Wuniuzao tea was the highest in all chemical fertilizer treatments,at 821.87 kg/hm^(2),followed by the treatment of organic fertilizer with cow manure completely replacing chemical fertilizers,at 817.13 kg/hm^(2).With the increase in the replacement ratio of cow manure organic fertilizer,the yield of Wuniuzao tea showed an upward trend,and the incremental output of Wuniuzao tea was 20.40%~44.01%in the fertilization treatment;In treatments of the organic fertilizer of cow manure replaced 70%nitrogen fertilizer and the organic fertilizer of cow manure replaced all nitrogen fertilizers,the internal composition and sensory quality of Wuniuzao tea all scored the best;The replacement of chemical fertilizers with cow manure organic fertilizer could increase the pH of tea garden soil.With the increase of the replacement ratio of cow manure organic fertilizer,soil organic matter and total nitrogen content all showed an upward trend,and alkaline nitrogen,available potassium,and available phosphorus content all showed an increase first and then declining trend,and reached the highest under the treatment of cow manure organic fertilizer replacing 70%nitrogen fertilizer;Cow manure organic fertilizer replacing chemical fertilizer increased the activity of tea gar
作者
郭龙
李陈
刘佩诗
常珺枫
周晓天
张宁
祝尊友
翁亚伟
马友华
GUO Long;LI Chen;LIU Peishi;CHANG Junfeng;ZHOU Xiaotian;ZHANG Ning;ZHU Zunyou;WENG Yawei;MA Youhua(Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention and Control in Anhui Province, College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036;Jinzhai County Agricultural Technology Extension Service Center, Lu’an, Anhui 237000)
出处
《水土保持学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第6期264-269,共6页
Journal of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
2017农业部果蔬茶有机肥替代化肥试点项目(皖农土函2017-651)。
关键词
茶叶
产量
品质
六安瓜片
牛粪
有机肥
土壤肥力
tea
yield
quality
Luan melon slices
cow manure
organic fertilizer
soil fertility
