摘要
随着我国核工业的发展,清洗UF6运输容器所产生的含铀废水也随着体量的显著提高而成为亟待解决的实际工程问题。处理含铀废水不同于对常见含盐废水的处理,其潜在的放射特性决定了处理工艺的复杂程度和环保要求。膜蒸馏技术作为一种在常压下进行的新型弱功耗膜分离技术,有可能适用于对含铀废水的处理。本文利用气隙式膜蒸馏方法,针对清洗UF6运输容器所产生的含铀废水进行减量化处理实验研究,结合实验结果及含铀废水处理工艺,探讨了膜蒸馏技术在含铀废水处理领域潜在的应用可行性。通过改变料液温度,对膜蒸馏装置的跨膜通量和截留率进行了实验研究,研究表明,膜蒸馏技术可用于核工业含铀废水的处理,装置跨膜通量可达到9 kg/(m^(2)·h),对铀元素截留率高于99%。利用膜蒸馏技术可以实现含铀废水的减量化处理,降低放射性废水排放的潜在危害。
With the development of China's nuclear industry,uranium-containing wastewater generated by cleaning nuclear fuel containers has become a practical engineering problem to be solved with the significant increase in volume.The treatment of uranium-containing wastewater is different from the treatment of common salt-containing wastewater.Its potential radiation characteristics determine the complexity of the treatment process and environmental requirements.As a new low-power membrane separation technology under atmospheric pressure,membrane distillation technology may be applicable to the treatment of uranium-containing wastewater.In this work,the reduction treatment of uranium-containing wastewater generated by cleaning uranium hexafluoride containers using the air gap membrane distillation was studied by experimental investigation.Based on experimental results and uranium-containing wastewater treatment technology,the potential application feasibility of membrane distillation in this field is discussed.By changing the feed temperature,the transmembrane flux and salt rejection ratio of the membrane distillation were experimentally studied.Our study has shown that membrane distillation can be used to treat uranium-containing wastewater,and the salt rejection ratio of uranium is higher than 99%.The use of membrane distillation can realize the reduction treatment of uranium-containing wastewater,reduce wastewater discharge,and reduce the generation of radioactive solid waste,and also can realize the recycling of water resources in the uranium hexafluoride container cleaning process.
作者
张耀玲
王梅
张锐
郭飞
ZHANG Yaoling;WANG Mei;ZHANG Rui;GUO Fei(School of Energy and Power Engineering,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 116023,China;CNNC Lanzhou Uranium Enrichment Co.Ltd,Lanzhou 730065,China)
出处
《水处理技术》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第11期101-105,共5页
Technology of Water Treatment
基金
大连市青年科技之星资助项目(2017RQ027)。
关键词
含铀废水
膜蒸馏
减量化处理
截留率
uranium-containing wastewater
membrane distillation
reduction treatment
rejection ratio
