摘要
大气超细颗粒物(ultrafine particle, UFP)为粒径小于100 nm的颗粒物,其数浓度主导了大气颗粒物的总数浓度,对人体健康和气候都有显著影响.大气UFP主要来源于污染源烟气和大气中气态前体物的成核和生长.其中,污染源烟气中成核和生长产生的颗粒物排放后构成大气UFP的一次来源,而直接在大气中成核和生长(又称新粒子生成)产生的颗粒物构成大气UFP的二次来源.由于不同来源气态前体物种类的显著差别,所生成UFP的化学组分及其健康和气候效应也会有显著不同.然而,目前对大气UFP的不同来源贡献及其化学组成的相关研究相对较少.本文简要介绍了几种主要污染源排放的一次UFP特征、大气新粒子生成产生的二次UFP特征、以及受多种来源影响的实际大气UFP的化学组分及其来源解析相关研究进展.基于上述分析,建议未来着重开展高时间分辨率和高物种分辨率的大气UFP化学组分观测,加强对大气UFP分子水平上组分及其变化规律的认识.
The ambient ultrafine particles(UFP) are particles with diameter smaller than 100 nm.Their number concentrations dominate the total ambient particle number concentrations, and have significant effect on human health and the global climate. Ambient UFP are originated from the nucleation and the subsequent growth from the gas precursors either in the plume of the emission sources or in the atmosphere. The UFP formed in the emission plume are referred to as primary UFP.The UFP formed in the atmosphere are referred to as secondary UFP and the whole nucleation and growth process in the atmosphere is called new particle formation(NPF). Due to the different precursors in different emission plumes and in the atmosphere, the chemical composition of the generated UFP and their health and climate effects are very different. However, the source contributions and chemical composition of the ambient UFP are poorly understood. This study briefly summarized the studies on the characteristics of the primary UFP emitted from pollution sources and the secondary UFP generated from NPF events. We also introduced the latest researches on the chemical composition and source apportionment of ambient UFP which involve both primary and secondary UFP. Based on these research progresses, we suggest that ambient UFP measurement with high species-resolution and high time-resolution should be conducted to further understand the molecular level chemical composition and the evolution of ambient UFP.
作者
李晓晓
蒋靖坤
王东滨
葛茂发
郝吉明
LI Xiaoxiao;JIANG Jingkun;WANG Dongbin;GE Maofa;HAO Jiming(State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control,School of Environment,Tsinghua University,Beijing,100084,China;State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species,Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences,CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences,Institute of Chemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing,100190,China)
出处
《环境化学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第10期2947-2959,共13页
Environmental Chemistry
基金
国家自然科学基金委重大研究计划(92044301)
中国博士后科学基金面上项目(2020M680588)资助。
关键词
超细颗粒物
化学组分
源排放
新粒子生成
源解析
ultrafine particles
chemical composition
primary emission
new particle formation
source apportionment
