摘要
南极条约体系在形成与演进过程中,为人类南极活动和南极治理确立了领土主权冻结、科学考察研究自由、和平利用、环境保护等基本法律原则。新世纪以来,条约体系不断面临来自体系内外的挑战,生物勘探、非法捕捞、旅游、外大陆架划界等议题动摇、冲击着条约体系的基本原则。当前南极陆地及海域出现的“领土化”倾向影响了我国的南极基本权益,我国在南极保护区议题上应谨慎表决他国提案,并在加大科考及研究基础上,提出自身的提案,积极参与南极新议题新规则的制定与竞争中。
In the process of its formation and evolution,the Antarctic Treaty System(ATS)has established basic legal principles for human activities and governance in Antarctica,including freezing of territorial sovereignty,freedom of scientific investigation and research,peaceful use and environmental protection.Since the beginning of the new century,ATS has been constantly faced with challenges from both inside and outside the system,such as bioprospecting,illegal,unreported and unregulated(IUU)fishing,tourism,and delimitation of the outer continental shelf,which shake and impact the basic principles of ATS.At present,the trend of“territorialization”in the land and sea areas of the Antarctic has affected China’s basic rights and interests in the Antarctic.China should carefully vote on other States’proposals on the Antarctic protected areas,and put forward its own proposals on the basis of increasing scientific research,and actively participate in the formulation and competition of new issues and rules in the Antarctic.
作者
何柳
CHEN Jueyu(译)
HUANG Rui(译)
HE Liu(Shanghai Institute for Global Security and Governance,China National Institute for SCO International Exchange and Judicial Cooperation,Shanghai University of Political Science and Law)
出处
《中华海洋法学评论》
2021年第3期34-76,共43页
China Oceans Law Review
基金
2021年度上海政法学院青年科研基金项目“大变局背景下中国南极权益保障的法律问题研究”(项目编号:2021XQN27)
中国-上海合作组织国际司法交流合作培训基地研究基金项目“印度极地政策研究”(项目编号:19SHJD015)阶段性成果。
关键词
南极条约体系
法律挑战
基本原则
中国南极权益
The Antarctic Treaty System
Legal challenge
Basic principle
China’s Antarctic rights and interests
