摘要
病原菌污染给人类的健康带来极大的安全隐患,对病原菌快速、准确和灵敏的检测是减少污染的重要手段。传统检测病原菌的方法存在耗时长和操作繁琐等缺点。荧光纳米材料具有荧光强度高、稳定性好以及良好的生物相容性等优势,为应用其构造传感器用于病原菌检测提供了新的研究途径。本文对近年来常见荧光纳米材料,包括半导体量子点、金属纳米簇、碳纳米材料、上转换纳米粒子和荧光硅纳米颗粒,在病原菌检测方面的应用进行了概述,着重将不同类别荧光纳米材料的光学性质和检测机理进行了分析和比较。纳米材料的生物修饰是实现病原菌特异性识别的重要环节,本文对抗体、适配体、噬菌体和抗生素等病原菌识别方式的特点及其与纳米材料的连接方式进行了介绍。最后对不同荧光纳米材料在检测病原菌中具有的优势和局限性进行了总结,并对其在未来的应用与研究重点进行了展望。
Pathogenic bacteria contamination brings severe safety problems to human health.Fast,accurate and sensitive detection of pathogenic bacteria is an important way to reduce pathogenic bacteria pollution.Traditional methods for detecting pathogenic bacteria have the disadvantages of being time⁃consuming and laborious.Fluorescent nanomaterials have the advantages of high fluorescence intensity,good stability and excellent biocompatibility,which provide a new research approach for the application of fluorescent nanomaterials as biosensors for pathogenic bacteria detection.This review summarizes the applications of various fluorescent nanomaterials in pathogenic bacteria detection in recent years,including semiconductor quantum dots,fluorescent metal nanoclusters,carbon nanomaterials,upconversion nanoparticles and fluorescent silicon nanoparticles.It mainly focuses on the analysis and comparison of the optical properties and detection mechanisms of different types of fluorescent nanomaterials.The bioconjugation of nanomaterials plays an important role in the whole process of pathogenic bacteria detection,which is closely related to the detection specificity.This article introduces the characteristics of different recognition elements,including antibodies,aptamers,phages and antibiotics.The conjunction methods between different recognition elements and nanomaterials are also discussed.Finally,the advantages and limitations of different nanomaterials for detecting pathogenic bacteria are reviewed and the development prospects in practical application and research priorities in the future are addressed.
作者
赵丹
王昌涛
苏磊
张学记
Dan Zhao;Changtao Wang;Lei Su;Xueji Zhang(Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health,Beijing Technology&Business University,Beijing 100048,China;College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering,Beijing Technology&Business University,Beijing 100048,China;School of Biomedical Engineering,Health Science Center,Shenzhen University,Shenzhen 518060,China)
出处
《化学进展》
SCIE
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第9期1482-1495,共14页
Progress in Chemistry
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(No.31971382)资助。
关键词
荧光
纳米材料
病原菌
检测
识别
fluorescence
nanomaterial
pathogenic bacteria
detection
recognition
