摘要
历史文化街区内建筑耐火等级较低,防火间距不足,商铺经营业态多样、人员密集,火灾荷载大,这些因素增加了人员安全疏散和火灾扑救难度。基于某历史文化街区实际情况,选择不同位置的建筑物设置火源,采用火灾动力学模拟软件FDS对两个典型火灾场景进行数值模拟计算,得到不同防火间距下的最大热辐射强度。结果显示:当防火间距小于2.5 m时,着火房间从开口处向外辐射的热辐射强度足以引燃相邻建筑内一般家具;当防火间距大于2.5 m而小于4.0 m时,着火房间从开口处向外辐射的热辐射强度能引燃相邻建筑内一般易燃家具。并按照2.5 m和4.0 m标度,提出相应防火技术措施,以有效抑制火灾蔓延,为实际工程提供参考。
The buildings in historical and cultural blocks typically have low fire resistance ratings,insufficient fire separation spaces,diversified business shops,dense population,and large fire loads.These factors increase the difficulty of safe evacuation and firefighting.In this paper,based on the actual situation of a historical and cultural block,different locations of buildings have been chosen to set the fire sources,then use the fire dynamics simulation software(FDS)to simulate two typical fire scenes,and get the maximum thermal radiation intensity of each fire scene.The results show that when the fire separation distance is less than 2.5 m,the radiation of the room on fire towards the opening is strong enough to ignite the furniture in adjacent buildings;when the fire separation distance is greater than 2.5 m and less than 4.0 m,the radiation toward the opening can ignite flammable furniture in adjacent buildings.Corresponding fire prevention measures are proposed on the basis of the scales of 2.5 m and 4.0 m to effectively suppress the spread of fire and provide constructive guidance for the actual project.
作者
宋玉华
李焕群
李玉诗
王珺
SONG Yuhua;LI Huanqun;LI Yushi;WANG Jun(Yantai Fire and Rescue Division,Shandong Province 264000,China;School of Fire Protection Engineering,China People’s Police University,Langfang,Hebei Province 065000,China;Ludong University,Yantai,Shandong Province 264000,China)
出处
《武警学院学报》
2021年第10期67-70,共4页
Journal of the Armed Police Academy
基金
山东省重点研发计划(软科学项目)“山东省应急救援大规模知识库构建与智慧消防服务”(2020RKB01772)。
关键词
历史文化街区
火源位置
热辐射强度
防火间距
防火措施
historical and cultural block
fire source location
thermal radiant intensity
fire separation distance
fire protection measure
