摘要
【目的】为探究不同种植密度对群体自动调节能力差异型双季稻品种产量及其构成,抗倒伏能力及其稻田杂草发生的影响。【方法】以筛选到的群体自动调节能力强品种早稻湘早籼45(XZX 45)、晚稻五丰优T025(WFY T025)和群体自动调节能力弱品种早稻潭两优83(TLY 83)、晚稻天优华占(TYHZ)为材料,共设置3个处理:高密度(HD)、中密度(MD)和低密度(LD),进行不同种植密度大田试验。【结果】与自动调节能力弱品种相比,自动调节能力强品种在不同密度下产量增幅为2.34%~15.66%。分析表明自动调节能力强品种的产量稳定性能更优,主要归因于其有效穗数、每穗粒数和结实率动态平衡实现。茎秆倒伏特征结果表明,自动调节能力差异型品种倒伏指数随种植密度增大不同程度提高。其中,自动调节能力强品种的茎秆各节间茎粗和壁厚、弯曲力矩和抗折力下降幅度显著低于自动调节能力弱的品种,有利于植株保持较高水平抗倒伏能力。此外,稻田杂草发生结果表明,自动调节力差异型品种的田间杂草生长量随种植密度增大均不同程度降低。自动调节能力强品种有利于抑制田间杂草发生量。【结论】采用群体自动调节能力强的水稻品种,配以适宜种植密度,为传统水稻高产稳产及抗倒和稻鱼共作模式中防草栽培提供一种生态学视角。
[Objective]To explore the effects of planting density on the yield and its components,lodging resistance and the occurrence of weeds in paddy fields of double cropping rice varieties with different population autoregulation ability.[Method]In this experiment,early rice Xiangzaoxian 45(XZX 45)and late rice Wufengyou T025(WFY T025)with strong population autoregulation ability,and early rice Tanliangyou 83(TLY 83)and late rice Tianyouhuazan(TYHZ)with weak population auto-regulation ability were used as the materials to carry out field experiments with different planting densities.Three treatments were set up:high density(HD),medium density(MD)and low density(LD).[Result]The results showed that compared with the varieties with weak automatic adjustment ability,the varieties with strong auto-regulation ability could increase the yield under different densities,with an increase of 2.34% to 15.66%.The analysis showed that the yield stability of varieties with strong population automatic adjustment ability was better,which was mainly realized by the dynamic balance among effective panicle number,grain number per panicle and seed setting rate.The results of stem lodging characteristics showed that the lodging index of varieties with different auto-regulation ability increased to different degrees with the increase of density.Among them,the decreasing range of stem diameter and wall thickness,bending moment and bending resistance of the varieties with strong automatic adjustment ability was significantly lower than that of the varieties with weak automatic adjustment ability,which was beneficial for the plant to maintain a higher level of lodging resistance.In addition,the results of weed occurrence in paddy field showed that the weed growth in the field of different auto-regulation varieties decreased with the increase of planting density.Varieties with strong auto-regulating ability were beneficial for suppressing the amount of weed occurrence in the field.[Conclusion]The above results indicate that the adoption of rice
作者
杜杰
陈小荣
钟蕾
蔡怡聪
朱昌兰
贺浩华
DU Jie;CHEN Xiaorong;ZHONG Lei;CAI Yicong;ZHU Changlan;HE Haohua(College of Agronomy,Jiangxi Agricultural University/Collaborative Innovation Center for the Modernization Production of Double Cropping Rice/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology,Ecology and Genetic Breeding,Ministry of Education,Nanchang,Jiangxi 330045,China)
出处
《江西农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第5期951-960,共10页
Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis
基金
国家重点研发计划重点专项(2018YFD0901700)
国家自然科学基金项目(31360309)。
关键词
水稻
密度
自动调节力
倒伏
杂草发生
rice
density
auto-regulation ability
lodging
weed occurrence
