摘要
目的调查了解剑川县野鼠鼠疫自然疫源地石龙盆地的鼠疫染疫宿主动物巢鼠秋季巢穴蚤的种类及组成分布状况,为鼠疫等与人类相关疾病的研究及农林鼠害防制提供基础数据。方法在剑川县鼠疫疫源地核心区石龙村周边巢鼠分布区采集巢鼠巢穴,对获得的巢穴按新巢和旧巢分类,对巢蚤进行分类计数,同时对获得的巢鼠幼鼠一并计数,进行统计分析。结果共获巢鼠巢穴198个,巢穴密度49.5个/ha,其中67个巢染带寄生蚤,获蚤3属3种共167匹,染蚤率33.84%,总蚤指数0.843 4。新巢和老巢数分别为130个和68个,染蚤巢数分别为41个和26个,染蚤率分别为31.54%和38.24%,蚤指数分别为0.838 4和0.852 9。老巢的染蚤率较新巢的高。巢鼠巢穴蚤秋季总体雌蚤数量相对较多,总蚤性比(♂∶♀)为0.74。3种巢蚤棕形额蚤指名亚种、特新蚤指名亚种和方叶栉眼蚤构成比分别为93.41%、5.99%和0.60%;蚤指数分别为0.787 9、0.050 5和0.005 1。棕形额蚤指名亚种的数量最多,蚤指数也最高,为该鼠疫疫源地巢鼠巢穴蚤的绝对优势种。共获有幼巢鼠巢穴12个,获幼鼠60只,平均5只/巢。结论剑川县野鼠鼠疫疫源地石龙盆地秋季巢鼠种群密度较高,巢穴蚤优势种为鼠疫传播次要媒介棕形额蚤指名亚种,主要媒介特新蚤指名亚种也占一定比例,应加强该疫源地鼠巢蚤的监测。
Objective To investigate the species, composition and distribution of harvest mouse(Micromys minutus) nest-associated fleas of host animals of wild rodent plague natural foci of the Shilong Village in Jianchuan County in autumn, and to provide basic data for the study on the plague and other human-related diseases and the prevention and control of rodents in agriculture and forestry.Methods The nests of harvest mouse(Micromys minutus) around Shilong Village in the core area of plague foci in Jianchuan were collected, the obtained nests were classified based on new and old nests, nest-associated fleas were classified and counted, and captured young rodents of harvest mouse(Micromys minutus) were counted and statistical analysis was conducted.Results A total of 198 nests of harvest mouse(Micromys minutus),with the nest density of 49.5/ha were collected, 67 nests were found to be stained with parasitic fleas, a total of 167 fleas from 3 species of 3 genera were collected, the stained flea rate was 33.84%,and the total flea index was 0.843 4.The number of new nests and old nests was 130 and 68 respectively, the number of flea-stained nests was 41 and 26 respectively, the stained flea rate was 31.54% and 38.24% respectively, and the flea index was 0.838 4 and 0.852 9 respectively.The stained flea rate of old nests was higher than that of new nests.The total number of female fleas of harvest mouse(Micromys minutus) nest-associated fleas in autumn in the area was relatively high, and the overall flea sex ratio( ♂∶♀) was 0.74.The composition ratio of 3 species of nest-associated fleas including Frontopsylla spadix,Neopsylla specialis and Ctenophthalmus quadratus was 93.41%,5.99% and 0.60% respectively, and the flea index were 0.787 9,0.050 5 and 0.005 1,respectively.The number of Frontopsylla spadix was the largest and the flea index was also the highest, being absolutely dominant species of harvest mouse(Micromys minutus) nest-associated fleas in the plague foci.A total of 12 nests of young icromys minutus were co
作者
邵宗体
蔡文凤
程盼
刘美琪
刘正祥
SHAO Zong-ti;CAI Wen-feng;CHENG Pan;LIU Mei-qi;LIU Zheng-xiang(Yunnan Institute of Endemic Diseases Control and Prevention,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Epidemic Disease Prevention and Control,Dali671000’China)
出处
《医学动物防制》
2021年第9期817-820,共4页
Journal of Medical Pest Control
基金
国家自然科学基金(81660554)
徐建国院士工作站(2018ICI155)
云南省高校自然疫源性疾病流行病学科技创新团队,大理大学自然疫源性疾病流行病学创新团队(ZKPY2019201)。
关键词
巢蚤
巢鼠
调查
秋季
野鼠鼠疫疫源地
云南剑川
Nest-associated fleas
Harvest mouse(Micromys minutus)
Investigation
Autumn
Wild rodent plague foci
Jianchuan Yunnan
