摘要
泛义的子承父业在社会发展各个历史阶段均存在,父析子荷和阶层逆袭同时存在于代际职业的变动中。不同工业化和城镇化背景下,子女职业受到父母职业和受教育水平的影响存在差异。一是,由于教育扩张有利于国民人力资本积累,基础教育资源分配侧重公平性,大大削弱了父母对子女教育的影响力,最终削弱父母在劳动力市场的影响力。二是,中国的工业化和城镇化进程是劳动力市场化程度不断提高的过程,劳动力回报更追求经济效益原则,减少了父母影响劳动力市场运作的空间。三是,新就业机会和职业选择的供给数量和渠道都增加,加大了代际职业流动。本文通过Mosteller矩阵转换的子女与父亲职业分布列联表总结代际职业变迁事实,使用误差减小比例来表示职业的代际关联性,比较高、低城镇化率(高、低工业化率)组别的代际关联性差异,总结得出以下结论:在高城镇化和高工业化的地区,父母对子女职业等级的影响力下降,代际职业流动性上升;在城镇化和工业化推进深入阶段,代际职业流动性更高。
We analyze the differences in the influence of children's occupation affected by their parents'occupation and education level,in different industrialization and urbanization contexts.First,because education expansion is conducive to the accumulation of national human capital,the distribution of basic education resources focuses on equity,which greatly weakens the influence of parents on the education of their children and ultimately weakens their influence in the labor market.The second is the process of industrialization and urbanization in China,which is a process of increasing labor marketization.The return of labor value pursues the principle of economic benefits,reducing the space for parents to affect the operation of the labor market.Third,the number and channels of new employment opportunities and occupational choices have increased,increasing intergenerational occupational mobility.The table of occupational distribution of children and fathers transformed by Mosteller matrix summarizes the facts of intergenerational occupational change.We use the Proportional Reduction of Error to measure the intergenerational correlation and compare the differences between the groups with high and low urbanization rates(high and low industrialization rates).In areas stage with high urbanization and high industrializetion,the influence of parents on the occupational rank of their children has declined,and intergenerational occupational mobility has increased.In the deepening stage of urbanization and industrialization,intergenerational occupational mobility has been higher.
作者
李萍
谌新民
Li Ping;Chen Xinmin(School of Economics and Management,South China Normal University,Guangzhou,510006,China)
出处
《南开经济研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第4期142-168,共27页
Nankai Economic Studies
关键词
代际职业流动
误差减小比例
工业化
城镇化
代际关联性
Intergenerational Occupational Mobility
Proportional Reduction of Error
Industrialization
Urbanization
Intergenerational Correlation
