摘要
富水岩溶隧道施工过程中,极易发生涌水危险,严重威胁隧道标准化施工中的生产安全。因而,确定水源数量及其类型对于富水岩溶隧道水害防治具有极大的现实意义。为确定富水岩溶隧道的水源数量及类型,本文以贵州省石阡县富水岩溶花桥隧道为例,对隧区周围的不同水体分别进行取样。基于水化学及主成分分析PCA模型对富水岩溶隧道进行水源识别。结果表明:隧区周围不同水体的水化学组分含量差别较大。按照均值排序,隧区水的离子浓度存在Ca^(2+)>Na^(+)>K^(+)>Mg^(2+)和HCO_(3)^(-)>SO_(4)^(2-)>NO_(3)^(-)>C1^(-)的关系。不同水体中,Ca^(2+)和HCO_(3)^(-)均为优势阳、阴离子,水化学组分以Ca-HCO_(3)为主。基于水化学和PCA模型,确定出富水岩溶花桥隧道存在一补给来源,即梁家屯岩溶水系统。研究结果显示PCA模型能有效表征原始水质组分,科学地确定富水岩溶隧道涌水补给来源及数量。该模型可为富水岩溶隧道标准化施工涌水灾害防治提供科学的指导依据。
During the construction of water-rich karst tunnels,water inrush occurs easily,which seriously threatens the worker safety and production.Therefore,it is of great practical significance to determine the number of water sources and their types for water damage prevention and control in water-rich karst tunnels.This paper takes the water-rich karst Huaqiao tunnel in Shiqian County,Guizhou Province as an example.Different water bodies around the tunnel area were sampled separately.The water sources were identified based on water chemistry and principal component analysis PCA model.The results show that chemical components of different water bodies around the tunnel area vary greatly.In order of mean value,there is a relationship of Ca^(2+)>Na^(+)>K^(+)>Mg^(2+)and HCO_(3)^(-)>SO_(4)^(2-)>NO_(3)^(-)>C1^(-)in the ion concentration of water in the tunnel area.In different water bodies,Ca^(2+)and HCO_(3)^(-)are both dominant cations and anions,and the water chemistry components are dominated by Ca-HCO_(3).Based on the water chemistry and PCA model,a water inrush source in the water-rich karst Huaqiao Tunnel,namely the Liangjiatun karst water system,was identified.The results show that the PCA model can effectively characterize the original water quality components and scientifically determine the source and amount of water inrush in water-rich karst tunnel.The model can provide scientific guidance for water disaster prevention and control in water-rich karst tunnel.
作者
姜冰
王方立
樊毅华
常树芳
赵超
张万茂
JIANG Bing;WANG Fang-li;FAN Yi-hua;CAHNG Shu-fang;ZHAO Chao;ZHANG Wan-mao(CCCC Bridge South China Engineering Co.,Ltd.;School of Resources and Safety Engineering,Central South University)
出处
《中国标准化》
2021年第18期83-88,共6页
China Standardization
关键词
富水
岩溶隧道
主成分分析
涌水源
water-rich
karst tunnel
principal component analysis
source of water inrush
