摘要
目的:对林下三七圆斑病病原菌进行分离鉴定,探究避雨栽培对其控制效果,为林下三七圆斑病的科学防治提供依据。方法:采用形态学和分子生物学方法对林下三七圆斑病病原菌进行分离和鉴定,调查比较了避雨和不避雨条件下林下三七圆斑病的发病率和病情指数,检测了避雨和不避雨两种栽培模式下三七干重、鲜重和皂苷含量。结果:林下三七圆斑病的病原菌为槭菌刺孢(Mycocentrospora acerina),不避雨条件下林下三七圆斑病的发病率最高可达52.29%,避雨条件下的为1.97%。避雨栽培对林下三七圆斑病的平均相对防效在小广扎林下三七基地为92.57%,在大塘子林下三七基地为100%。避雨栽培可以降低林下三七植株冠层相对湿度2.03%,提高三七植株冠层温度0.21℃,避免雨水促进三七圆斑病菌的传播。避雨栽培对林下三七的鲜重、干重和皂苷含量没有显著影响。结论:明确了林下三七圆斑病的病原菌,确证了避雨栽培对林下三七圆斑病的控制效果。
Objective:To isolate and identify the pathogenic bacteria of understory planted Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma round spot,and to explore its control effect of rain⁃sheltered cultivation,so as to provide the basis for the scientific prevention and treatment of understory planted Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma round spot.Methods:The pathogenic bacteria of Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma round spot were isolated and identified by morphological and molecular biological methods.The incidence rate and disease index of Notogin⁃seng Radix et Rhizoma round spot were investigated and compared under rain shelter and no rain shelter.The dry weight,fresh weight and saponins contents of Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma under rain shelter and no rain shelter were detected.Results:Mycocentrospora acerina was the pathogen of understory planted Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma round spot.The incidence rate of understory planted Noto⁃ginseng Radix et Rhizoma round spot was 52.29%under the no rain⁃sheltered cultivation condition and 1.97%under the rain⁃sheltered cultivation condition.The average relative control effect of understory planted Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma round spot under rain⁃shel⁃tered cultivation was 92.57%in Xiaoguangzha base and 100%in Datangzi base.Rain⁃sheltered cultivation could reduce the canopy rel⁃ative humidity of understory planted Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma by 2.03%,increase the canopy temperature of Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma by 0.21%,and avoid the spread of Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma round spot caused by rain.There was no significant effect on fresh weight,dry weight and saponins contents of understory planted Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma cultivated by rain shelter.Conclusion:In this study,the pathogen of understory planted Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma round spot is identified,the control effect of rain⁃sheltered cultivation on understory planted Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma round spot is confirmed.
作者
杨宽
张帅
郭力维
蒋春和
王柱华
朱有勇
何霞红
YANG Kuan;ZHANG Shuai;GUO Li-wei;JIANG Chun-he;WANG Zhu-hua;ZHU You-yong;HE Xia-hong(Yunnan Agricultural University/State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Yunnan Biological Resources,Kunming 650201,China;Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,China)
出处
《中药材》
CAS
北大核心
2020年第12期2857-2863,共7页
Journal of Chinese Medicinal Materials
基金
国家重点研发计划(2018YFD0201107)
现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金资助(CARS⁃21)。
关键词
林下三七
三七圆斑病
避雨栽培
控病效果
Understory planted Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma
Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma round spot
Rain⁃sheltered cultiva⁃tion
Disease control effect
