摘要
为描述数控机床运动构件的故障率随时间变化的情况,本文从元动作单元出发,建立了一个关于元动作单元的故障概率模型.首先,根据元动作单元故障发生的原因将故障分成两类,随机故障和老化故障.然后,根据这两种故障类型故障数据的不同特点,选用两个不同的概率分布函数分别进行描述,随机故障用泊松分布进行描述,老化故障用威布尔分布进行描述.接着,给出这两种故障概率模型中各参数的物理意义和估计方法.更进一步,工作负载和工作环境会分别对元动作单元的老化故障和随机故障的故障率造成影响.为比较这两者对故障率影响的大小,提出了工作负载参数Rl和工作环境参数Re,并给出这两个参数的估计方法.最后,根据收集到的运动构件的故障数据作出频率直方图,同时,对故障数据进行参数估计得到概率密度函数,并将这两者画在同一幅图上,发现两者具有较好的拟合效果.表明提出的元动作单元故障概率模型适合于描述运动构件故障率随时间的变化,模型有效.
In order to describe the change of the failure rate of computerized numerical control(CNC)machine tool motion components with time,this paper starts from the meta-action unit and proposes a new meta-action unit failure probability model.First,according to the cause of the meta-action unit failure,the failure types are divided into two categories:random failure and aging failure.Then,according to the different characteristics of the failure data of these two failure types,two different probability distribution functions are used to describe separately,where random failures are described by Poisson distribution,and aging failures are described by Weibull distribution.Next,the physical meaning and estimation method of each parameter in this failure probability model are given.Furthermore,the working load and working environment respectively affect the failure rate of the aging failure and random failure of the meta-action unit.In order to compare the magnitude of their influence on the failure rate,the working load parameter Rl and the working environment parameter Re are proposed,and the estimation method of the two parameters is also given.Finally,according to the collected failure data of the moving components,a frequency distribution histogram is made.At the same time,the probability density function is obtained by parameter estimation of the failure data,and these two are drawn on the same graph.It is found that both have a better simulation effect.The simulation effect shows that the proposed failure probability model of the meta-action unit is suitable for describing the change of the failure rate of moving components with time,and thus the model is effective.
作者
鞠萍华
谷豪东
许文林
黄广全
JU Pinghua;GU Haodong;XU Wenlin;HUANG Guangquan(School of Mechanical Engineering,Chongqing University,Chongqing,400044,China)
出处
《湖南大学学报（自然科学版）》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第10期21-28,共8页
Journal of Hunan University:Natural Sciences
基金
国家科技重大专项(2018ZX04032-001,2019ZX04005-001)。
关键词
元动作单元
随机故障
老化故障
外界影响
可靠性
meta-action unit
random failure
aging failure
influence of outside
reliability
