摘要
目的研究基于信息-知识-信念-行为(IKAP)模式的健康宣教在妊娠期高血压疾病患者中的应用效果。方法选取2019年2月至2021年1月濮阳市妇幼保健院收治的112例妊娠期高血压疾病患者。根据护理方式将患者分为对照组(56例)和观察组(56例)。对照组患者接受常规基础护理,观察组患者接受基于IKAP模式的健康宣教护理。比较两组护理前后收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)、疾病知识掌握度、症状自评量表(SCL-90)评分。分别于护理前后采用一般自我效能感量表(GSES)、家庭关怀指数问卷(APGAR)评估患者的自我效能、家庭功能状况。记录母婴结局。结果护理后,观察组SBP、DBP、焦虑评分、抑郁评分均低于对照组(P<0.05)。护理后,观察组GSES评分、APGAR评分、疾病知识掌握度均高于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组产褥感染、胎膜早破的发生率均低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论基于IKAP模式的健康宣教可有效降低妊娠期高血压疾病患者的血压水平,提升患者自我效能、疾病知识掌握度及家庭支持度,缓解焦虑、抑郁情绪,改善妊娠结局。
Objective To study the effect of health education based on information-knowledge-attitude-practice model in patients with hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy.Methods A total of 112 patients with hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy in Puyang Maternal and Child Health Hospital from February 2019 to January 2021 were selected.The patients were divided into control group(56 cases)and observation group(56 cases)according to the methods of nursing.The patients in control group received routine basic nursing,while patients in observation group received health education nursing based on IKAP model.Systolic blood pressure(SBP),diastolic blood pressure(DBP),mastery of disease knowledge and the score of symptom checklist-90(SCL-90)were compared between the two groups before and after nursing.General self-efficacy scale(GSES)and family care index questionnaire(APGAR)were used to evaluate patients’self-efficacy and family function before and after nursing.The outcomes of maternal and infant were recorded.Results After nursing,SBP,DBP and the scores of anxiety and depression in observation group were lower than those in control group(P<0.05).After nursing,the scores of GSES and APGAR and the mastery of disease knowledge in observation group were higher than those in control group(P<0.05).The incidences of puerperal infection and premature rupture of membranes in observation group were lower than those in control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Health education based on IKAP model could effectively reduce the blood pressure of patients with hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy,and improve their self-efficacy,mastery of disease knowledge and family support,and relieve anxiety and depression,and improve pregnancy outcome.
作者
马小民
孟娟
MA Xiaomin;MENG Juan(Department of Obstetrics,Puyang Maternal and Child Health Hospital,Puyang 457000,China)
出处
《河南医学研究》
CAS
2021年第30期5748-5751,共4页
Henan Medical Research
关键词
妊娠期高血压疾病
信息-知识-信念-行为模式
健康宣教
hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy
the model of information-knowledge-attitude-practice
health education
